WGU C963 - Objective Assessment Superset Question And Answers

WGU C963 - Objective Assessment Superset Question And Answers WGU C963 - Objective Assessment Superset Question And Answers Major contributors to social contract theory ANSWER - Hobbes, Locke, Reasseau Social Contract Theory ANSWER - We need food, clothing and shelter to survive and nothing should interfere with our ability to obtain them. We may also choose to believe in a god. The belief gives definition to our existance. Therefore it is important we define ourselves as individuals. Enlightenment Influence on Constitution ANSWER - Bill of Rights and the Second Amendment, Ninth Amendment Bill of Rights (Enlightenment) ANSWER - The first eight Bill of Rights Declaration of Independence (Enlightenment) ANSWER - people have rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness Articles of Confederation weaknesses ANSWER - No executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade Articles of Confederation - Strengths ANSWER - Provided direction for the Revolution, the ability to conduct diplomacy with Europe, and deal with territorial issues and Native American relations. New Jersey Plan ANSWER - The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's population. Virginia Plan ANSWER - Proposal to create a strong national government Constitutional Convention ANSWER - A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution Three-Fifths compromise ANSWER - Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment). Bicameral congress. Checks and Balances ANSWER - A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power Separation of Powers ANSWER - Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law Federalists ANSWER - A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures. Anti-Federalists ANSWER - Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption. Ratifying the Constitution ANSWER - Article VII, 9 out of 13 states had to agree, it was ratified at state conventions Federalist #10 (factions) ANSWER - Elites can never take over rule of the government due to too many factions. Federalist #51 (Madison) ANSWER - Separation of powers, checks and balances Separations of Powers ANSWER - The division of the federal government into three branches each with its own powers Government Branches ANSWER - Three sections of the US government: legislative, executive, and judicial. Each branch has powers that restrict the other branches powers. How are laws made and enforced using the separation of powers ANSWER - Congress originates laws Judicial branch reviews laws for constitutionality Executive branch enforces laws system of checks and balances ANSWER - Constitutional system in which each branch of government places limits on the power of other branches Several checks the judicial branch has on the legislative and executive branches ANSWER - Executive: Can overturn actions of the president with judicial review if the actions violate the Constitution Serve during good behavior to maintain independence of judiciary Legislative: Can overturn acts of Congress as unconstitutional if they violate the law Can influence laws by interpretation Serve during good behavior to maintain independence of judiciary Several checks the legislative branch has on the judicial and executive branches ANSWER - Judicial: Senate must approve judges and justices Controls jurisdiction of the courts Determines size of Supreme Court House can impeach judges and Senate can remove them by two-thirds vote Executive: Can override a presidential veto by a two-thirds vote in both chambers Must approve treaties by a two-thirds vote in the Senate Control of funding activities of the executive branch Presidential nominees must be approved by the Senate Only Congress can declare war House can impeach the president or vice president and the Senate can remove them by a two-thirds vote Several checks the executive branch has on the legislative and judicial branches ANSWER - Legislative: Can veto legislation Can use executive agreements Can use executive orders Negotiates treaties (not Congress) Judicial: Nominates judges Power of pardon Several advantages and disadvantages of a federalist system