Summary IB Chemistry Topic 8/18 Acids and Bases

racial nerd kraken




☒ ☒ NAMED -
☆ BETHKE
types of acids
°
Bl acid proton / Htdonor
◦ =




Ht ( Ha , HNO } )
BL base proton / Htacoptor
donate 1-
monoprotic only
◦ = • :




base acid
donate 2 Ht ( Hzsoy Hzcoz )
NHyTaq, diprotic
-




OH
•
:
NH }
HM , ,
•
+ t +
iaq , ,
g)

◦
water
•
triprotic :
donate 3 Ht ( Hzpoy )

•
both BLÑaÉ&aÑÑ •
ALL CARBOXYLIC ACIDS are monoprotic ( even > 1- Ht )
• AMPHIPROTIC species ◦
Conjugate pairs
acid-base

•
+ BBE ÑtBÑᵗ
•

pairs differ by 1 Ht


THINK _
ME THAN
◦
Acid 1- metals ◦
Acid + Bases

acid + metal -7
saltttz nutmegs Martian
• •




Na acid 1- base -7 SAKTHI
Hit Nais , → +
Hey ,
•
•
1-
ulaq , ycaq ,
◦
Acids + carbonate •
exothermic ( releases heat )

acid + carbonate → salt Hzot CO2 Hzsoycaq , +2 NaOH ( →
Naz +
2420cg
•
1- •


aq ) ycaq )

•


Hzstycaq ) +
CaC03(aq ) -7 Cash ( aqjt CO2
(g) +420cg




pµ$•☒E µM$•⑥☒
of HH ] solution
-




of H+ ions p0H= ions in
°
◦ a
pH the concentration solution measure
measure of in
=
a


( Ht ions] [ OH ]
_




inversely proportional to ions
◦


p0H= log [ OH ]
-




◦
[ Ht ] > [OH ] ACIDIC pH
POH
[Ht / [OH ] NEUTRAL [ OH -1=10
-




pH =p
=
◦




◦
( Ht ) ( [ OH ] BASIC
pH > 7


pH log [ Ht ]
= -




PH
[ At ] =
/ g-