Medical Surgical Nursing Neurology 2023 Update 100% Rated A+

Multiple Sclerosis - ANS-This is the disseminated demyelination of the nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord Chronic Progressive Degenerative nervous system - ANS-Characteristics of multiple sclerosis Females 30-50 year old - ANS-Multiple sclerosis has a higher incidence rate in this demographic Idiopathic Immune response Genetic - ANS-Causes of multiple sclerosis Cold climates (due to the lack of vitamin D) - ANS-Multiple sclerosis usually occurs at this geological location Chronic inflammation Demyelination Gliosis in the CNS - ANS-Three pathological processes of multiple sclerosis Relapsing-remitting Primary-progressive Secondary-progressive Progression-relapsing - ANS-Classifications of multiple sclerosis Relapsing-remitting - ANS-This classification of multiple sclerosis occurs in 90% of cases No exacerbation of the disease It shows and goes away It does not get worse - ANS-Characteristics of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis 1-2 flare-ups every 1-3 years - ANS-Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis usually occurs at this rate Weeks to months - ANS-Flare-ups from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis last for this long Motor Sensory Cerebellar Emotional - ANS-Signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis affect these things Weakness/paralysis of the limbs, trunk, head Diplopia Scanning speech Muscle spasticity - ANS-Motor signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis Paresthesia Blurred vision Vertigo and tinnitus Decreased hearing Chronic neuropathic pain Lhermitte's sign - ANS-Sensory signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis Nystagmus Ataxia Dysarthria Dysphagia Fatigue Bowel/bladder problem - ANS-Cerebellar signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis Anger Depression Euphoria - ANS-Emotional signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis Infectious complications - ANS-People with multiple sclerosis usually die due to this 25-30 years - ANS-People with multiple sclerosis have a life expectancy of this History of signs and symptoms MRI LP for CSF - ANS-Diagnostic tests for multiple sclerosis Inflammation (but not very useful) - ANS-An MRI for multiple sclerosis shows this Spinal tap - ANS-A lumbar puncture is also called this IgG - ANS-CSF contains a plenty of this in multiple sclerosis (*MIC AWAITS*) Muscle relaxants Immunosuppressants Corticosteroids Anticholinergics Water therapy Antiepileptics Immunomodulators Tricyclic antidepressants Stimulants (CNS) Selective potassium channel blocker - ANS-Treatments for multiple sclerosis UTI Pressure ulcers Constipation Confinement in bed - ANS-Immobility complications of multiple sclerosis can lead to this Extreme temperature People who are ill Fatigue - ANS-This should be avoided with people who have multiple sclerosis Myasthenia gravis - ANS-This autoimmune disorder causes fluctuating weakness in the muscle due to impaired acetylcholine receptors Skeletal muscle - ANS-Myasthenia gravis causes weakness in this type of muscle Fluctuating weakness of the muscles Poor chewing, swallowing, speaking, breathing, and facial mobility Voice will start to fade after speaking Ptosis Diplopia Dysarthria Sleep, mask-life expression Weak tongue and throat muscles Limb weakness - ANS-Myasthenia gravis signs and symptoms Facial - ANS-This muscle is the one that is most affected by myasthenia gravis Morining - ANS-Myasthenia gravis is better at this time of the day Night - ANS-Myasthenia gravis is worse at this time of the day Rest - ANS-Myasthenia gravis improves with this Ptosis - ANS-This is the drooping of the eyelid Ptosis crutch - ANS-Treatment for ptosis Weak diaphragm and intercostal muscle - ANS-Severe signs and symptoms of myasthenia gravis Infection Surgery Emotional distress Drug overdose Inadequate drug Pregnancy - ANS-These are tiggers for a myasthenic crisis History and physical Electromyelogram Tensilon test - ANS-Diagnostic tests for myasthenia gravis EMG - ANS-This test shoots a painful electric shock to the bone which will cause the person to twitch Tensilon test - ANS-This diagnostic test inhibits acetylcholinesterase and looks for improved signs and symptoms 30 minutes - ANS-The tensilon test takes about this long for it to take effect 5 minutes - ANS-The tensilon test lasts for this long Bradycardia Bronchospasms Abdominal cramps - ANS-Side effects of the tensilon test Atropine - ANS-This is the antidote for the tensilon test Anticholinesterase drugs Corticosteroids Immunosuppressants Thymectomy Plasmapheresis - ANS-Treatment for myasthenia gravis Pyridostigimine - ANS-Types of anticholinesterase drugs Chewing and swallowing - ANS-Pyridostigmine helps with this in myasthenia gravis Prednisone - ANS-This is a type of corticosteroid Not responding to steroids - ANS-Immunosuppressants are used for myasthenia gravis if this happens 4-8 months - ANS-Immunosuppressants take this long to work for myasthenia gravis Imuran Cell-cept - ANS-Types of immunosuppressants Pregnancy - ANS-This is a contraindication to using immunosuppressants...