Medical Surgical Nursing Fluid and Electrolytes Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2023 Update A+

What percentage of the total body weight is water? - Adult: 50-60% Infant: 75-80% What percentage of the body fluid is intracellular fluid? - 2/3 Normal Urinary Output - 0.5 mL/kg/hr is there is a weight provided Otherwise, use 30 mL/hr as WNL What percentage of the body fluid is extracellular fluid? - 1/3 Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD) - Fluid intake is less than needed to meet body requirements. The most common type is isotonic dehydration Contributing Factors: Excess GI and/or renal loss Diaphoresis Fever Long-term NPO status Hemorrhage Insufficient intake Burns Diuretic therapy Aging: older adults have less body water and decreased thirst sensations Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD) Signs and Symptoms - Weight loss Dry mucous membranes Increased heart rate and respirations Thready pulse Capillary refills < 3 seconds Weakness, fatigue Orthostatic hypotension Poor skin turgor Isotonic Fluids - Concentrate equal to plasma "same as blood" Hypotonic Fluids - Lower osmolality than the extracellular fluid Shift fluid from ECF to ICF "Retains salt in body" Hypertonic Fluids - Osmolality higher than extracellular fluid...