Inhoud
Sociale psychologie – les 1........................................................................................................................................8
Sociale psychologie (boek pg 4-7).........................................................................................................................8
Topics van sociale psychologie.........................................................................................................................8
Verklaringsniveaus (boek pg 20-26)......................................................................................................................9
Rol congruity theory...........................................................................................................................................10
Theorieën in sociale psychologie........................................................................................................................12
Behaviourisme................................................................................................................................................12
Cognitieve psychologie...................................................................................................................................12
Neuroscience and biochemistry.....................................................................................................................12
Evolutionary social psychology.......................................................................................................................13
Personality and individual differences...........................................................................................................13
Collectivist theories........................................................................................................................................13
Positivisme en anti-positivisme..........................................................................................................................14
Methoden in sociale psychologie (p 8-17)..........................................................................................................14
Wanneer het experiment niet de juiste onderzoeksmethode is...................................................................16
Alternatieve methoden.......................................................................................................................................17
Data en analyse..............................................................................................................................................18
Ethiek (pg 18-20).................................................................................................................................................18
Fysiek welbevinden........................................................................................................................................18
Respect voor privacy......................................................................................................................................18
Gebruik van bedrog........................................................................................................................................18
Informed consent...........................................................................................................................................18
Debriefing.......................................................................................................................................................18
Kritieken op de sociale psychologie....................................................................................................................19
Sociale psychologie – les 2: sociale cognitie en sociaal denken.............................................................................19
Dimensies van beoordeling (pg 44 tot ‘a short history’)....................................................................................19
Personal constructs and implicit personality theories.......................................................................................21
Fysieke verschijning telt......................................................................................................................................21
Stereotypen....................................................................................................................................................21
Sociale beoordelingsvermogen......................................................................................................................22
Schema’s en stereotypes (pg 51-58)...................................................................................................................22
Types van schema’s........................................................................................................................................24
Gebruik van schema’s.....................................................................................................................................25
Verwerven van schema’s................................................................................................................................25
Wanneer veranderen we schema’s en stereotypen......................................................................................25
1
, Welke informatie merken we op?..................................................................................................................26
Waar is het ‘sociale’ in sociale cognitie..............................................................................................................26
Sociale psychologie les 3 - sociale groepen.............................................................................................................27
Wat is een groep?...............................................................................................................................................27
Types van groepen.........................................................................................................................................27
Psychologisch belang van groepen.....................................................................................................................27
Waarom niet deelnemen aan een groep?.....................................................................................................28
2 types van normen........................................................................................................................................28
Normen kunnen (traag) veranderen..............................................................................................................29
Groepsvorming...................................................................................................................................................30
Groepsvorming: deductief..............................................................................................................................30
Groepsvorming: inductief...............................................................................................................................30
Groepsvorming naargelang diversiteit...........................................................................................................30
Het vormen van inclusieve identiteit.............................................................................................................31
Inductieve groepsvorming..............................................................................................................................32
Groepssocialisatiemodel: 3 basisprocessen.......................................................................................................33
Groepssocialisatiemodel: 5 fasen...................................................................................................................33
Normen...........................................................................................................................................................34
Groepscohesie....................................................................................................................................................34
Groepsidentificatie.........................................................................................................................................35
Meten van identificatie..................................................................................................................................35
Belang van identificatie..................................................................................................................................35
Groepsloyaliteit..............................................................................................................................................35
Sociale inclusie en status....................................................................................................................................36
Identificatie versus inclusie............................................................................................................................36
Ongelijkheid in groepen.................................................................................................................................36
Hoe verkrijg je status?....................................................................................................................................37
Inclusiviteit en gelijke status creëren in diverse groepen..............................................................................38
Diversiteitsperspectieven...............................................................................................................................38
Inclusie en groepscohesie bevorderen: the jigsaw classroom.......................................................................40
Subgroepen en crosscutting categorieËn.......................................................................................................40
Devianten en marginale leden.......................................................................................................................40
Sociale psychologie Les 4 – Emoties........................................................................................................................42
Wat is een emotie?.............................................................................................................................................42
Appraisal.........................................................................................................................................................42
gevolgen van affectie......................................................................................................................................44
emotion regulation.........................................................................................................................................44
2
, Actiebereidheid..............................................................................................................................................44
Emoties als sociaal gedrag..............................................................................................................................45
Emoties in relaties...............................................................................................................................................46
Emoties in vriendschappen.................................................................................................................................48
Social support.................................................................................................................................................49
Emoties in hiërarchie..........................................................................................................................................49
Onderhandelingen..........................................................................................................................................51
Emoties en identiteit...........................................................................................................................................51
Emoties als identiteitsbekrachtigers..............................................................................................................51
Sociale psychologie Les 5 – zelf en identiteit..........................................................................................................53
Zelfconcept.........................................................................................................................................................53
Wat is ons zelf-concept?.................................................................................................................................54
Hoe is ons zelf-beeld sociaal?.........................................................................................................................54
Looking glass self?..........................................................................................................................................54
Zelfbewustzijn.....................................................................................................................................................55
Objectificatie...................................................................................................................................................55
Sociale identiteit.................................................................................................................................................56
Zelf-categorisatie............................................................................................................................................57
Identiteitsstrategieën.....................................................................................................................................58
symbolische interactionistisch zelf.................................................................................................................59
Zelf-motieven.................................................................................................................................................59
Culturele verschillen in zelf en identiteit........................................................................................................60
Rol van zelf in motivatie......................................................................................................................................60
Toekomstig zelf: link tussen zelf-concept en motivatie.................................................................................61
Toekomstige zelf.................................................................................................................................................61
Zelfregulatie-focus..............................................................................................................................................61
Twee motivationele systemen.......................................................................................................................62
In overtuigende communicatie......................................................................................................................62
Welke boodschap werkt voor wie?................................................................................................................63
Zelfwaardering................................................................................................................................................64
Gevolgtrekkingen uit ons gedrag...................................................................................................................65
Sociaal vergelijken en zelfkennis....................................................................................................................65
Sociale psychologie Les 6 – intieme relaties...........................................................................................................66
Aantrekking.........................................................................................................................................................66
Sociale aantrekking.........................................................................................................................................66
Wat verhoogt ‘het leuk vinden’?........................................................................................................................67
Nabijheid.........................................................................................................................................................67
3
, Bekendheid/vertrouwdheid...........................................................................................................................67
Dezelfde attitude............................................................................................................................................67
Social matching...............................................................................................................................................67
Assortatieve paring.........................................................................................................................................67
Persoonlijke kenmerken.................................................................................................................................67
Culturele stereotypen.....................................................................................................................................68
Need to belong...................................................................................................................................................68
eenzaamheid..................................................................................................................................................68
Reacties op sociale uitsluiting........................................................................................................................69
Waarom en hoe bouwen we relaties met anderen op?.....................................................................................71
2 soorten relaties............................................................................................................................................71
Effect van soort relatie op uiten van emoties................................................................................................72
Een versterkingsbenadering (reinforcement approach)................................................................................72
Relatie als sociale uitwisseling........................................................................................................................72
4 modellen van relatievorming......................................................................................................................73
Sociale uitwisseling, gelijkheid en rechtvaardigheid......................................................................................73
De rol van normen..........................................................................................................................................75
Intieme relaties...................................................................................................................................................75
The triangle of love.........................................................................................................................................75
Verschillende liefdesrelaties...........................................................................................................................75
Labels en illusies.............................................................................................................................................76
No greater love...............................................................................................................................................76
Huwelijk..........................................................................................................................................................76
Holebi romantische relaties...........................................................................................................................77
Relaties die werken (en degene die dit niet doen).............................................................................................77
Een relatie behouden.....................................................................................................................................77
Tot de dood ons scheidt.................................................................................................................................78
Relatie breakdown..........................................................................................................................................79
Sociale psychologie les 7 - Sociale dilemma’s en collectieve actie.........................................................................80
Sociale dilemma’s...............................................................................................................................................80
Sociaal dilemma..............................................................................................................................................81
Onderzoek wat kunnen we doen?.................................................................................................................83
Theories of social dilemmas................................................................................................................................84
Game theory...................................................................................................................................................84
Evolutionary theories.....................................................................................................................................84
Psychological theories....................................................................................................................................84
What promotes cooperation..............................................................................................................................85
4
Sociale psychologie – les 1........................................................................................................................................8
Sociale psychologie (boek pg 4-7).........................................................................................................................8
Topics van sociale psychologie.........................................................................................................................8
Verklaringsniveaus (boek pg 20-26)......................................................................................................................9
Rol congruity theory...........................................................................................................................................10
Theorieën in sociale psychologie........................................................................................................................12
Behaviourisme................................................................................................................................................12
Cognitieve psychologie...................................................................................................................................12
Neuroscience and biochemistry.....................................................................................................................12
Evolutionary social psychology.......................................................................................................................13
Personality and individual differences...........................................................................................................13
Collectivist theories........................................................................................................................................13
Positivisme en anti-positivisme..........................................................................................................................14
Methoden in sociale psychologie (p 8-17)..........................................................................................................14
Wanneer het experiment niet de juiste onderzoeksmethode is...................................................................16
Alternatieve methoden.......................................................................................................................................17
Data en analyse..............................................................................................................................................18
Ethiek (pg 18-20).................................................................................................................................................18
Fysiek welbevinden........................................................................................................................................18
Respect voor privacy......................................................................................................................................18
Gebruik van bedrog........................................................................................................................................18
Informed consent...........................................................................................................................................18
Debriefing.......................................................................................................................................................18
Kritieken op de sociale psychologie....................................................................................................................19
Sociale psychologie – les 2: sociale cognitie en sociaal denken.............................................................................19
Dimensies van beoordeling (pg 44 tot ‘a short history’)....................................................................................19
Personal constructs and implicit personality theories.......................................................................................21
Fysieke verschijning telt......................................................................................................................................21
Stereotypen....................................................................................................................................................21
Sociale beoordelingsvermogen......................................................................................................................22
Schema’s en stereotypes (pg 51-58)...................................................................................................................22
Types van schema’s........................................................................................................................................24
Gebruik van schema’s.....................................................................................................................................25
Verwerven van schema’s................................................................................................................................25
Wanneer veranderen we schema’s en stereotypen......................................................................................25
1
, Welke informatie merken we op?..................................................................................................................26
Waar is het ‘sociale’ in sociale cognitie..............................................................................................................26
Sociale psychologie les 3 - sociale groepen.............................................................................................................27
Wat is een groep?...............................................................................................................................................27
Types van groepen.........................................................................................................................................27
Psychologisch belang van groepen.....................................................................................................................27
Waarom niet deelnemen aan een groep?.....................................................................................................28
2 types van normen........................................................................................................................................28
Normen kunnen (traag) veranderen..............................................................................................................29
Groepsvorming...................................................................................................................................................30
Groepsvorming: deductief..............................................................................................................................30
Groepsvorming: inductief...............................................................................................................................30
Groepsvorming naargelang diversiteit...........................................................................................................30
Het vormen van inclusieve identiteit.............................................................................................................31
Inductieve groepsvorming..............................................................................................................................32
Groepssocialisatiemodel: 3 basisprocessen.......................................................................................................33
Groepssocialisatiemodel: 5 fasen...................................................................................................................33
Normen...........................................................................................................................................................34
Groepscohesie....................................................................................................................................................34
Groepsidentificatie.........................................................................................................................................35
Meten van identificatie..................................................................................................................................35
Belang van identificatie..................................................................................................................................35
Groepsloyaliteit..............................................................................................................................................35
Sociale inclusie en status....................................................................................................................................36
Identificatie versus inclusie............................................................................................................................36
Ongelijkheid in groepen.................................................................................................................................36
Hoe verkrijg je status?....................................................................................................................................37
Inclusiviteit en gelijke status creëren in diverse groepen..............................................................................38
Diversiteitsperspectieven...............................................................................................................................38
Inclusie en groepscohesie bevorderen: the jigsaw classroom.......................................................................40
Subgroepen en crosscutting categorieËn.......................................................................................................40
Devianten en marginale leden.......................................................................................................................40
Sociale psychologie Les 4 – Emoties........................................................................................................................42
Wat is een emotie?.............................................................................................................................................42
Appraisal.........................................................................................................................................................42
gevolgen van affectie......................................................................................................................................44
emotion regulation.........................................................................................................................................44
2
, Actiebereidheid..............................................................................................................................................44
Emoties als sociaal gedrag..............................................................................................................................45
Emoties in relaties...............................................................................................................................................46
Emoties in vriendschappen.................................................................................................................................48
Social support.................................................................................................................................................49
Emoties in hiërarchie..........................................................................................................................................49
Onderhandelingen..........................................................................................................................................51
Emoties en identiteit...........................................................................................................................................51
Emoties als identiteitsbekrachtigers..............................................................................................................51
Sociale psychologie Les 5 – zelf en identiteit..........................................................................................................53
Zelfconcept.........................................................................................................................................................53
Wat is ons zelf-concept?.................................................................................................................................54
Hoe is ons zelf-beeld sociaal?.........................................................................................................................54
Looking glass self?..........................................................................................................................................54
Zelfbewustzijn.....................................................................................................................................................55
Objectificatie...................................................................................................................................................55
Sociale identiteit.................................................................................................................................................56
Zelf-categorisatie............................................................................................................................................57
Identiteitsstrategieën.....................................................................................................................................58
symbolische interactionistisch zelf.................................................................................................................59
Zelf-motieven.................................................................................................................................................59
Culturele verschillen in zelf en identiteit........................................................................................................60
Rol van zelf in motivatie......................................................................................................................................60
Toekomstig zelf: link tussen zelf-concept en motivatie.................................................................................61
Toekomstige zelf.................................................................................................................................................61
Zelfregulatie-focus..............................................................................................................................................61
Twee motivationele systemen.......................................................................................................................62
In overtuigende communicatie......................................................................................................................62
Welke boodschap werkt voor wie?................................................................................................................63
Zelfwaardering................................................................................................................................................64
Gevolgtrekkingen uit ons gedrag...................................................................................................................65
Sociaal vergelijken en zelfkennis....................................................................................................................65
Sociale psychologie Les 6 – intieme relaties...........................................................................................................66
Aantrekking.........................................................................................................................................................66
Sociale aantrekking.........................................................................................................................................66
Wat verhoogt ‘het leuk vinden’?........................................................................................................................67
Nabijheid.........................................................................................................................................................67
3
, Bekendheid/vertrouwdheid...........................................................................................................................67
Dezelfde attitude............................................................................................................................................67
Social matching...............................................................................................................................................67
Assortatieve paring.........................................................................................................................................67
Persoonlijke kenmerken.................................................................................................................................67
Culturele stereotypen.....................................................................................................................................68
Need to belong...................................................................................................................................................68
eenzaamheid..................................................................................................................................................68
Reacties op sociale uitsluiting........................................................................................................................69
Waarom en hoe bouwen we relaties met anderen op?.....................................................................................71
2 soorten relaties............................................................................................................................................71
Effect van soort relatie op uiten van emoties................................................................................................72
Een versterkingsbenadering (reinforcement approach)................................................................................72
Relatie als sociale uitwisseling........................................................................................................................72
4 modellen van relatievorming......................................................................................................................73
Sociale uitwisseling, gelijkheid en rechtvaardigheid......................................................................................73
De rol van normen..........................................................................................................................................75
Intieme relaties...................................................................................................................................................75
The triangle of love.........................................................................................................................................75
Verschillende liefdesrelaties...........................................................................................................................75
Labels en illusies.............................................................................................................................................76
No greater love...............................................................................................................................................76
Huwelijk..........................................................................................................................................................76
Holebi romantische relaties...........................................................................................................................77
Relaties die werken (en degene die dit niet doen).............................................................................................77
Een relatie behouden.....................................................................................................................................77
Tot de dood ons scheidt.................................................................................................................................78
Relatie breakdown..........................................................................................................................................79
Sociale psychologie les 7 - Sociale dilemma’s en collectieve actie.........................................................................80
Sociale dilemma’s...............................................................................................................................................80
Sociaal dilemma..............................................................................................................................................81
Onderzoek wat kunnen we doen?.................................................................................................................83
Theories of social dilemmas................................................................................................................................84
Game theory...................................................................................................................................................84
Evolutionary theories.....................................................................................................................................84
Psychological theories....................................................................................................................................84
What promotes cooperation..............................................................................................................................85
4
