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Samenvatting H6 prof.Baes

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Samenvatting H6 prof.Baes

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Uploaded on
December 30, 2022
Number of pages
2
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Summary

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H6: celdood
Apoptose (of geprogrammeerde celdood):

 Belangrijk proces tijdens ontwikkeling bv.
o Vorming handen en voeten
o Eliminatie teveel aan neuronen
o Metamorfose kikkervisje  kikker
 Belangrijk proces in normaal volwassen organisme bv.
o Ter compensatie van celdeling
o Werking immuunstelsel
o Afbraak endometrium bij menstruatie
o DNA schade
 Stimuli (kan geactiveerd worden door) bv.
o Radiatie
o Toxines
o Hypoxie
o Deprivatie van groeifactoren
o Antikanker geneesmiddelen
 Deregulatie speelt rol in verschillende ziekten bv.
o Te weinig apoptose (resistentie aan apoptose processen): kanker, auto-immuun ziekten
o Te veel apoptose: neurodegeneratieve ziekten (bv. Alzheimer en Huntington)
 Staat in contrast met necrose: cellen zwellen, barsten en inhoud komt vrij in omgeving 
inflammatie, treedt op bij acute beschadiging weefsel
 ATP afhankelijk
 Geen inflammatie

Andere vormen celdood: necroptose (geregelde necrose) en autofagie


1 KENMERKEN APOPTOTISCH PROCES
 Cel krimpt en condenseert
 Cytoskelet dissocieert
 Nucleaire enveloppe verdwijnt
 Nucleair DNA breekt in fragmenten
 Intracellulaire componenten niet in extracellulair milieu  geen schade aan omgeving

1. Fosfolipide fosfatidylserine (cytosolische zijde) transloceert naar buitenkant celmembraan 
herkend en gebonden door receptoren fagocytotische cellen (macrofagen en dendritische
cellen)
2. Celresten verwijderd door fagocytose + fagocyterende cellen secreteren cytokines (verhinderen
inflammatie)
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