TEST BANK
Campbell Biology in Focus
Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman & Peter V. Minorsky
3rd Edition Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction Evolution and the Foundations of Biology 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 12
Chapter 3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 64
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell 105
Chapter 5 Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling 128
Chapter 6 An Introduction to Metabolism 160
Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 185
Chapter 8 Photosynthesis 219
Chapter 9 The Cell Cycle 243
Chapter 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 263
Chapter 11 Mendel and the Gene Idea 282
Chapter 12 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 303
Chapter 13 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 321
Chapter 14 Gene Expression From Gene to Protein 342
Chapter 15 Regulation of Gene Expression 371
Chapter 16 Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer 387
Chapter 17 Viruses 398
Chapter 18 Genomes and Their Evolution 413
Chapter 19 Descent with Modification 424
Chapter 20 Phylogeny 446
Chapter 21 The Evolution of Populations 476
Chapter 22 The Origin of Species 504
Chapter 23 Broad Patterns of Evolution 534
Chapter 24 Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes 556
Chapter 25 The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes 596
Chapter 26 The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi 623
Chapter 27 The Rise of Animal Diversity 673
Chapter 28 Plant Structure and Growth 709
Chapter 29 Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants 731
Chapter 30 Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants 765
Chapter 31 Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals 786
Chapter 32 Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling 807
Chapter 33 Animal Nutrition 842
Chapter 34 Circulation and Gas Exchange 867
Chapter 35 The Immune System 895
Chapter 36 Reproduction and Development 928
Chapter 37 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 966
Chapter 38 Nervous and Sensory Systems 994 39 Motor Mechanisms and Behavior 1027
Chapter 40 Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms 1054
Chapter 41 Ecological Communities 1090
Chapter 42 Ecosystems and Energy 1112
Chapter 43 Conservation Biology and Global Change 1140 Campbell Biology in Focus, 3e (Urry) Chapter 1 Introduction: Evolution and the Foundat ions of Biology 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) All of the organisms living in a particular ecos ystem are collectively known as a(n) A) biological community. B) order. C) family. D) population. Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 2) Many properties of living things involve the tra nsfer and transformation of energy and matter. For example, plant chloroplasts convert energy from sunlight to which of the following forms of energy or matter? A) the energy of motion B) carbon dioxide and water C) chemical energy D) oxygen E) kinetic energy Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 3) The primary source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is A) light energy. B) kinetic energy. C) thermal energy. D) chemical energy. Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
1 | P a g e 4) All the living things on Earth along with all th e places where life exists are collectively described by which of the following terms? A) an ecosystem B) the biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: B Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 5) All the living organisms in a particular area al ong with all the nonliving aspects of the environment with which organisms interact are colle ctively described by which of the following terms? A) an ecosystem B) the biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 6) All the individuals of a particular species livi ng within the bounds of a specified area are collectively described by which of the following te rms? A) a biological system B) a biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: D Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 7) Which of the following types of cells lack(s) a nucleus? A) animal B) plant C) archaea D) fungi Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
2 | P a g e 8) Investigating the molecular structure of DNA in order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance is an example of which approach utilize d in the study of biology? A) systems biology B) emergent properties C) reductionism D) deductive reasoning Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 1 9) Which of the following correctly describes the f orms by which energy flows through an ecosystem from entry to exit? A) heat → chemical → heat B) light → heat → chemical C) light → chemical → heat D) chemical → heat → light Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 10) Approximately what proportion of the carbon dio xide (CO 2) released by burning fossil fuels remains in the atmosphere, contributing to the trap ping of heat close to Earth's surface? A) less than 1% B) 5% C) 50% D) 90% Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4, 5 11) Which of the following terms describes membrane -enclosed components of cells that carry out specialized functions? A) tissues B) organs C) organelles D) cells Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
3 | P a g e 12) Which of the following represents the correct h ierarchy of biological organization from large scale to smaller scale? A) ecosystems → biosphere → communities → popula tions → organisms B) communities → populations → organisms → ecosy stems → biosphere C) biosphere → communities → populations → ecosy stems → organisms D) biosphere → ecosystems → communities → popula tions → organisms E) biosphere → ecosystems → populations→ communi ties → organisms Answer: D Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 13) Living things are divided into three different domains. Which of these domains are classified as prokaryotes? A) Bacteria and Eukarya B) Archaea and Eukarya C) Bacteria and Fungi D) Bacteria and Archaea Answer: D Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2 14) A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-s ea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most li kely a member of which of the following domains? A) Eukarya B) Archaea C) Animalia D) Plantae E) Fungi Answer: B Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2 15) Strong evidence in support of the common ancest ry of all life comes from which of the following observations about living things? A) the fact that decomposers include both bacteria and fungi B) the ability of plants to convert light energy to chemical energy C) the existence of a nearly universal genetic code D) the universal use of protein catalysts by all ce lls Answer: C Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2 Global L.O.: G2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
4 | P a g e 16) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with modi fication" resulted when organisms of a particular species become adapted to their environm ent because they possess which of the following characteristics? A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and de crease their reproductive success in the local environment B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local environment Answer: C Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1 17) Which of the following statements describes an individual that is likely to be the most successful in an evolutionary sense? A) a reproductively sterile individual who never fa lls ill B) an organism that dies after five days of life bu t leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces tw o offspring who live to reproduce Answer: B Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1 Global L.O.: G2 18) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whale s shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that func tion as flippers. This change is best explained by which of the following concepts or processes? A) an emergent property B) reductionism C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life D) natural selection Answer: D Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
5 | P a g e
Campbell Biology in Focus
Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman & Peter V. Minorsky
3rd Edition Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction Evolution and the Foundations of Biology 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 12
Chapter 3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 64
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell 105
Chapter 5 Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling 128
Chapter 6 An Introduction to Metabolism 160
Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 185
Chapter 8 Photosynthesis 219
Chapter 9 The Cell Cycle 243
Chapter 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 263
Chapter 11 Mendel and the Gene Idea 282
Chapter 12 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 303
Chapter 13 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 321
Chapter 14 Gene Expression From Gene to Protein 342
Chapter 15 Regulation of Gene Expression 371
Chapter 16 Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer 387
Chapter 17 Viruses 398
Chapter 18 Genomes and Their Evolution 413
Chapter 19 Descent with Modification 424
Chapter 20 Phylogeny 446
Chapter 21 The Evolution of Populations 476
Chapter 22 The Origin of Species 504
Chapter 23 Broad Patterns of Evolution 534
Chapter 24 Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes 556
Chapter 25 The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes 596
Chapter 26 The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi 623
Chapter 27 The Rise of Animal Diversity 673
Chapter 28 Plant Structure and Growth 709
Chapter 29 Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants 731
Chapter 30 Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants 765
Chapter 31 Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals 786
Chapter 32 Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling 807
Chapter 33 Animal Nutrition 842
Chapter 34 Circulation and Gas Exchange 867
Chapter 35 The Immune System 895
Chapter 36 Reproduction and Development 928
Chapter 37 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 966
Chapter 38 Nervous and Sensory Systems 994 39 Motor Mechanisms and Behavior 1027
Chapter 40 Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms 1054
Chapter 41 Ecological Communities 1090
Chapter 42 Ecosystems and Energy 1112
Chapter 43 Conservation Biology and Global Change 1140 Campbell Biology in Focus, 3e (Urry) Chapter 1 Introduction: Evolution and the Foundat ions of Biology 1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) All of the organisms living in a particular ecos ystem are collectively known as a(n) A) biological community. B) order. C) family. D) population. Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 2) Many properties of living things involve the tra nsfer and transformation of energy and matter. For example, plant chloroplasts convert energy from sunlight to which of the following forms of energy or matter? A) the energy of motion B) carbon dioxide and water C) chemical energy D) oxygen E) kinetic energy Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 3) The primary source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is A) light energy. B) kinetic energy. C) thermal energy. D) chemical energy. Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
1 | P a g e 4) All the living things on Earth along with all th e places where life exists are collectively described by which of the following terms? A) an ecosystem B) the biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: B Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 5) All the living organisms in a particular area al ong with all the nonliving aspects of the environment with which organisms interact are colle ctively described by which of the following terms? A) an ecosystem B) the biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: A Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 6) All the individuals of a particular species livi ng within the bounds of a specified area are collectively described by which of the following te rms? A) a biological system B) a biosphere C) a biological community D) a population Answer: D Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 7) Which of the following types of cells lack(s) a nucleus? A) animal B) plant C) archaea D) fungi Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
2 | P a g e 8) Investigating the molecular structure of DNA in order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance is an example of which approach utilize d in the study of biology? A) systems biology B) emergent properties C) reductionism D) deductive reasoning Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 1 9) Which of the following correctly describes the f orms by which energy flows through an ecosystem from entry to exit? A) heat → chemical → heat B) light → heat → chemical C) light → chemical → heat D) chemical → heat → light Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4 10) Approximately what proportion of the carbon dio xide (CO 2) released by burning fossil fuels remains in the atmosphere, contributing to the trap ping of heat close to Earth's surface? A) less than 1% B) 5% C) 50% D) 90% Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4, 5 11) Which of the following terms describes membrane -enclosed components of cells that carry out specialized functions? A) tissues B) organs C) organelles D) cells Answer: C Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
3 | P a g e 12) Which of the following represents the correct h ierarchy of biological organization from large scale to smaller scale? A) ecosystems → biosphere → communities → popula tions → organisms B) communities → populations → organisms → ecosy stems → biosphere C) biosphere → communities → populations → ecosy stems → organisms D) biosphere → ecosystems → communities → popula tions → organisms E) biosphere → ecosystems → populations→ communi ties → organisms Answer: D Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying them es Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5 13) Living things are divided into three different domains. Which of these domains are classified as prokaryotes? A) Bacteria and Eukarya B) Archaea and Eukarya C) Bacteria and Fungi D) Bacteria and Archaea Answer: D Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2 14) A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-s ea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most li kely a member of which of the following domains? A) Eukarya B) Archaea C) Animalia D) Plantae E) Fungi Answer: B Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2 15) Strong evidence in support of the common ancest ry of all life comes from which of the following observations about living things? A) the fact that decomposers include both bacteria and fungi B) the ability of plants to convert light energy to chemical energy C) the existence of a nearly universal genetic code D) the universal use of protein catalysts by all ce lls Answer: C Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2 Global L.O.: G2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
4 | P a g e 16) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with modi fication" resulted when organisms of a particular species become adapted to their environm ent because they possess which of the following characteristics? A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and de crease their reproductive success in the local environment B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local environment Answer: C Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1 17) Which of the following statements describes an individual that is likely to be the most successful in an evolutionary sense? A) a reproductively sterile individual who never fa lls ill B) an organism that dies after five days of life bu t leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces tw o offspring who live to reproduce Answer: B Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1 Global L.O.: G2 18) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whale s shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that func tion as flippers. This change is best explained by which of the following concepts or processes? A) an emergent property B) reductionism C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life D) natural selection Answer: D Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
5 | P a g e
