TNCC FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

TNCC FINAL EXAM TEST WITH CORRECT ANSWERS What are the five forms in which energy exist? - CORRECT ANWERS - Mechanical: direct impact of an object - Thermal - Chemical - Electrical - Radiant The consequences of mechanical energy are directly related to __________ energy - CORRECT ANWERS Kinetic Kinetic Energy (KE) is equal to - CORRECT ANWERS 1/2 the mass multiplied by the velocity squared In other words: when mass is doubled, energy is doubled; when velocity is doubled, energy is quadrupled Kinetic Energy formula - CORRECT ANWERS KE=1/2mv^2 Differentiate between internal and external forces of energy transfer in the context or trauma. - CORRECT ANWERS External forces are how energy can impact the body (e.g., deceleration, acceleration, compression). Internal forces represent the ability of the body to withstand external forces. How do internal forces protect the body from injury? - CORRECT ANWERS - Compression strength: ability of tissue to resist crush injury or force - Tensile strength: ability to resist being pulled apart when stretched - Shear strength: ability to resist a force applied parallel to the tissue List four main types of traumatic injury - CORRECT ANWERS - Blunt trauma - Penetrating trauma - Thermal trauma - Blast trauma Examples of blunt trauma - CORRECT ANWERS Falls MVA Vehicle vs. pedestrian collisions Assaults *Can result from broad energy impacts across large surface areas and involve energy transfer causing deceleration or acceleration *Greater distance of transfer diminishes deleterious impacts, and the more focused the impact, the greater the damage Deceleration injuries - CORRECT ANWERS Occurs as energy is dispersed from the moving object * The speed of an impact is often less significant than the distance over which the energy is transferred Differentiate between deceleration and acceleration forces. - CORRECT ANWERS pg. 28 What environmental and pathophysiologic factors are considered when the mechanism of injury is a fall? - CORRECT ANWERS - Point of impact - Type of surface that is hit - Tissue's ability to resist - Acceleration When is a fall considered significant in the pediatric patient? - CORRECT ANWERS If the fall is from three times his or her height Describe the three impacts in the motor vehicle impact sequence. - CORRECT ANWERS 1. Vehicle hits another object 2. Occupant hits interior of vehicle (energy of impacts limited by seatbelt and airbag) 3. Organs hit other internal structures *Organs continue in motion and can be torn away from their attachments