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Samenvatting Food Quality (FQD10306)

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Dit document bevat de volledige samenvatting van het vak FQD10306.

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Uploaded on
December 15, 2022
Number of pages
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Written in
2021/2022
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Introduction to Food Quality – College 1 (15-3)
Voedselkwaliteit: Een specifiek kenmerk dat een product moet hebben.
o Geschikt voor gebruik
o Voldoet de specificaties
o Voldoet of overtreft verwachtingen consument

Kwaliteit is geen eenduidig meetbaar begrip.
 Een samenkomen van verschillende afzonderlijke attributen
 Attributen zijn wel afzonderlijk te meten:
o Instrumenteel
o Mens als meetinstrument

Kwaliteit is anders voor verschillende stakeholders:
 Bedrijf: wil vooral een veilig en concurrerend product
 Consument: wil een product dat past bij zijn behoeften (dat het veilig is, is vanzelfsprekend
 Overheid: stuurt op veiligheid, duurzaamheid en eerlijke handel

Verschillende (typen) consumenten = verschillende kwaliteitsperceptie
De consument bestaat niet:
 Bepaalde persoon
 Bepaalde situatie
 Bepaald moment
 Specifieke behoefte
Wel kun je consumenten indelen in typen met hun eigen focus bij keuze & aankoop

7 Typen consumenten
 Milieubewuste consument
o Focus: duurzaamheid
 Natuur- en diervriendelijke consument
o Focus: Dierenwelzijn
 Gezondheidbewuste consument
o Focus: Gezondheid
 Gemaksconsument
o Focus: Tijd
 Hedonische consument
o Focus: smaak
 Prijsbewuste consument
o Focus: geld
 Variatie-zoekende consument
o Focus: verandering

,Trends 2021: consumenten en voeding
 Feed the mind
o Voedsel en drank voor mentale en emotionele gezondheid
 Quality redefined
o Merken worden uitgedaagd om te voldoen aan nieuwe definities van vertrouwen,
kwaliteit en essentieel
 United by food
o Voedsel en drank merken kunnen balanceren op een persoon zijn behoefte om uniek
te zijn en speciaal behoefte om onderdeel te zijn van communities van soortgelijke
individuelen
Bedrijven spelen in op trends met nieuwe producten

Fasen in een productontwikkelingsproces
 Consumentenonderzoek
 Idee ontwikkeling (kan ook voor verbetering van bestaande producten)
 Welke ingrediënten zijn nodig?
 Op welke manier kan het gemaakt worden?
 Op welke wijze kan het verpakt worden?
 Welke informatie moet op de verpakking?
 Op welke wijze gaan we het product vermarkten

Bridging the gap: het daadwerkelijk begrijpen van elkaar ziens- & werkwijze en samenwerken is de
uitdaging die leidt tot het product met de hoogste kwaliteit voor bedrijf en consument.

Product attributen
 Intrinsieke attributen: eigenschappen van een product
die indien je ze verandert, het product veranderen (bijv.
smaak, kleur en textuur).
 Extrinsieke attributen: kenmerken die het product zelf
niet veranderen als je ze verandert (bijv. label, merk,
prijs).

Total food quality model
Sommige dingen kan je vooraf waarnemen en sommige pas
achteraf. Maar elk kenmerk zorgt voor een nieuwe verwachting
en uiteindelijk achteraf een (andere) beoordeling.

,Food ingredients – College 2 (16-3)
Food labels
The packaging is the dress of food product and it’s used to
provide many information to customers.
As customers we perceive only the top of the iceberg that is
behind the info on the packaging.
Ingredients are in order from highest % to lowest %
Dikgedrukt = mogelijk allergen

Macronutrients
Fat. Proteins. Carbohydrates
Together with water they account for more than 90% often 99% of the product content.
Water isn’t in the nutrition fact.

Fat – consumer perception & interests
 Nutritional: negative calories and cholesterol (only animal fat). Positive omega-3 (fish and
nuts fats good for cardiovascular health)
 Origin: animal saturated (verzadigd) fat (solid) = parallel, ordered vs. plant unsaturated
(onverzadigd) fat (liquid) = many angles, disorded = solid / liquid is because of the chemical
composition.
 Use: Butter spread on the bread. Seed oil to fry or to season salad.
Fat – food companies interests
 Taste: fats give taste and flavour to the products. Consumers are attracted by fatty taste
 Nutrition: vegetable fats no cholesterol
 Bad fat quality: product tastes bad
 Reduce the fat: yes, but it isn’t easy

Case: Mclean Deluxe
 McDonald’s introduced McLean Deluxe in 1991
 It had less fat than regular burger (91% fat free)
 Fat replaced with water and a seaweed extract
 It performed well in initial taste tests, but it didn’t sell well once it went live
 Despite the addition of ‘natural’ beef flavour additives consumer noticed the lack of the
familiar flavour and the dry burger
 The burger was later called ‘the McFlopper’

Fat – food companies interests
 Origin: it is irrelevant. What matters is the physical state.
o Saturated fat = solid
o Unsaturated fat = liquid
 At room temperature
 The solid or liquid state of the fat implies different properties when they are
used in a product: example bakery products

, Technically instead of animal or vegetable it is better to indicated the fat ‘melting point’
Solid fats Liquid fats
Leavened bakery products (bread pastries, Liquid dressing
croissant)
Ice cream Nut cream
Chocolate Frying oil

Fats – food companies interests
 Shelf life: fats are easily spoiled during the storage. This process is called oxidation
 Liquid (vegetable) fats are oxidised much faster than the solid one (example nuts)
 Fat oxidation is the main reason to reduce the shelf life of the products
o = The concept of ‘best before consumption date’

Fats – food companies interests
 Origin: must be sure. Zero km or long distance is secondary
 Traceability: building trust with our purchasers
 Certifications: important market driver
 Safety: contaminants accumulation in the animal fat moiety.
 Price: major impact on the final product. Animal fat more expensive.

Steps of fat innovation
 Tradition: Butter and oil
 First innovation: margarine (spreads)
o A chemical process is used to convert vegetable oil into solid fat
o Problem: formation of unhealthy trans fat
 Second innovation: palm oil
o A cheap vegetable oil that’s solid and so it perform like animal fat
o Problem: palm plantation cause deforestation in Malaysia & Indonesia
 Third innovation: inter-esterified fats
o From one fat source I split in two one more solid and one more liquid
o Problem: not natural and the word is scary for consumers

Example croissants
 Traditional croissant
o Made with butter: perfect expansion, full flavour but expensive
 Croissant with margarine (shortening)
o Made from vegetable oils but poor nutritional quality (trans fatty acids)
 Margarine replace with palm oil
o Ethical issue deforestation
 Vegan croissant
o Made with margarine, and with coconut oil (= same plant as palm oil)
o Cost more than traditional croissant

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