HESI Med Surg III Review
1. increasing temperature has what effect on the body's metabolism?
what can fever cause✔✔ increasing temp increases the body's demand
for nutri- ents and oxygen...
fever can cause dehydration r/t excessive fluid loss d/t diaphoresis
2. why is hydration important w/ PNA✔✔ thins out mucus trapped in
bronchi- oles/alveoli--facilitates expectoration
replacement of fluid lost by lungs through evaporation
3. early s/s of cerebral hypoxia✔✔ irritability and restlessness
4. preventing PNA: flu shot/pneumovax
vaccine avoid sick people, indoor
pollutants, no smoking adequate
nutrition/fluids
if comatose--elevate HOB when before and after feeding, turn pt
frequently
1/
,5. As COPD worsens, what happens to a patient's O2/CO2 levels in
their blood and what is the condition that results?
is this more of a problem for emphysema or chronic bronchitis✔✔ as
COPD worsens, hypoxemia and hypercapnia result--leading to
respiratory acidosis
emphysema leads more toward hypercapnia bc the alveoli are effected
6. what bed position facilitates productive cough✔✔ semi-fowler or high-
fowler
7. Emphysema vs. Chronic Bronchitis: CB: airway problem (chronically
in- flamed)---chronic sputum production, increased bronchial wall
thickness--obstruc- tion of airflow, chronic hypoxemia, cor pulmonale
(s/s RSHF)
--->blue bloater, cyanosis, RSHF---JVD, crackles/expiratory wheezes
Emphysema--alveoli problem--air trapping, compensatory
hyperventilation--barrel chest
-->pink puffer--pursed lip breathers, diminished breath sounds
8. tx for COPD: mucolytics
bronchodilators (SABA/LABA--theophylline, albuterol,
ipratropium) anti-inflammatory drugs (fluticasone)
2/
, tripod position, pursed-lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing
low FIO2 to prevent CO2
retention monitor for s/s of
fluid overload
3/
1. increasing temperature has what effect on the body's metabolism?
what can fever cause✔✔ increasing temp increases the body's demand
for nutri- ents and oxygen...
fever can cause dehydration r/t excessive fluid loss d/t diaphoresis
2. why is hydration important w/ PNA✔✔ thins out mucus trapped in
bronchi- oles/alveoli--facilitates expectoration
replacement of fluid lost by lungs through evaporation
3. early s/s of cerebral hypoxia✔✔ irritability and restlessness
4. preventing PNA: flu shot/pneumovax
vaccine avoid sick people, indoor
pollutants, no smoking adequate
nutrition/fluids
if comatose--elevate HOB when before and after feeding, turn pt
frequently
1/
,5. As COPD worsens, what happens to a patient's O2/CO2 levels in
their blood and what is the condition that results?
is this more of a problem for emphysema or chronic bronchitis✔✔ as
COPD worsens, hypoxemia and hypercapnia result--leading to
respiratory acidosis
emphysema leads more toward hypercapnia bc the alveoli are effected
6. what bed position facilitates productive cough✔✔ semi-fowler or high-
fowler
7. Emphysema vs. Chronic Bronchitis: CB: airway problem (chronically
in- flamed)---chronic sputum production, increased bronchial wall
thickness--obstruc- tion of airflow, chronic hypoxemia, cor pulmonale
(s/s RSHF)
--->blue bloater, cyanosis, RSHF---JVD, crackles/expiratory wheezes
Emphysema--alveoli problem--air trapping, compensatory
hyperventilation--barrel chest
-->pink puffer--pursed lip breathers, diminished breath sounds
8. tx for COPD: mucolytics
bronchodilators (SABA/LABA--theophylline, albuterol,
ipratropium) anti-inflammatory drugs (fluticasone)
2/
, tripod position, pursed-lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing
low FIO2 to prevent CO2
retention monitor for s/s of
fluid overload
3/
