Arborist Certification Study Guide With
Complete Solutions!!
Meristem - Answer Sites of rapid cell division in the shoot tips, root tips, and
cambium.
Apical meristem - Answer Meristems located at the end of the shoot are called
primary, or _________ meristems
Scales - Answer Buds are covered by _____________ that leave permanent scars
on the twig when the buds break dormancy. These scars can be useful in tree ID.
Apical dominance - Answer The tendency for terminal buds to inhibit the growth of
lateral buds is called ______________.
Leaves - Answer The food factories of trees are the ____________.
Photosynthesis & Oxygen - Answer The process of _____________ combines
carbon dioxide and water in a reaction driven by light to produce sugars. _________
is also a product of this reaction.
Chlorophyll - Answer The green color of leaves is created by the presence of
_____________, which is necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
Transpiration - Answer ___________ is the loss of water vapor from the leaves.
Stomata & Guard Cells - Answer The opening and closing of _________ allows for
gas exchange, and transpiration is controlled by the ___________.
Xylem & Phloem - Answer Water and dissolved essential minerals are transported
within the tree in the ___________. The ____________ conducts carbohydrates.
Cambium - Answer The ______________ is a layer of meristematic cells located
between the phloem and the xylem.
Branch collar & Branch bark ridge - Answer The ______ ________ is formed when
trunk tissue grows around branch tissues. As the branch and trunk tissues expand
against each other in the crotch, the __________ ______ ________ is formed.
Bark - Answer ___________ protects the branches and trunk of a tree from
mechanical injury and desiccation.
Absorption, conduction, anchorage, and storage. - Answer Name four functions of
the root system>
Osmosis - Answer Water enters young roots or mycorrhizal roots by a process called
______________.
Tropism, Phototropism & Geotropism - Answer The orientation of growth in response
to an external stimulus is called _____________. Two examples are ___________
and ____________.
,Arborist Certification Study Guide With
Complete Solutions!!
CODIT - Answer Compartmentalization Of Decay In Trees
Excurrent & Decurrent - Answer Trees with upright growth and a strong, central
leader are said to exhibit ______________ growth. More rounded trees, which are
often broader than they are tall, have ______________ growth habits.
Mycorrhizae - Answer Roots and fungi called ___________ exist in a symbiotic
relationship, which aids in the uptake of water and minerals.
Respiration - Answer The process by which chemical energy, stored as sugar and
starch, is released is called ______________.
Deciduous & Evergreen - Answer Trees that lose their leaves in the fall are called
_________. Trees that maintain their leaves for more than one year are called
___________.
Twig anatomy - Answer twig anatomy
Cross section of young stem - Answer Stem anatomy
Auxin - Answer A plant hormone
Cuticle - Answer Waxy covering of a leaf
Petiole - Answer Stalk of a leaf
Internode - Answer Between the nodes of a twig.
Lenticel - Answer Small openings in stems for gas exchange.
Ray - Answer Cells that cross the phloem and xylem for radial transport.
Absorbing roots - Answer mostly located in the upper 12 inches of soil.
Source - Answer Mature, green leaves -- sugar producers.
Sink - Answer Uses more energy than it produces.
Taxonomy - Answer The classification of plants is called __________.
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
,Arborist Certification Study Guide With
Complete Solutions!!
Species epithet - Answer List the levels of plant classification. The first letter of each
term is given.
Angiosperms and Gymnosperms - Answer ___________ are vascular plants whose
seeds are covered (by an ovary). __________ are vascular plants with "naked
seeds".
Monocotyledons (or monocots) - Answer The term "dicotyledon (dicot)" refers to
plants that have two seed leaves at germination. Grasses and palm trees belong to
another group called _________ and have only one seed leaf.
Nomenclature - Answer The naming of plants is called ___________.
Form or growth habit
Bark texture
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
Seed
Buds
Leaf scars
Scent - Answer Name five plant characteristics used to identify trees.
Opposite leaves - Answer In temperate zones, most of the trees with opposite leaf
arrangement fall into four genera represented by "MAD Buck", for Maple, Ash,
Dogwood, and Buckeye.
Alternate leaves - Answer Alternate leaves
Whorled leaves - Answer Whorled leaves
buckeye, horsechestnut (pictured) - Answer Name a tree with palmately compound
leaves __________.
Ash, walnut, Kentucky coffeetree, ailanthus, honeylocust - Answer Name a tree with
pinnately compound leaves __________.
Lobed leaf - Answer
Compound leaf with serrate margins - Answer
One - Answer A compound leaf with multiple leaflets will have _________ bud(s).
ponderosa pine - Answer Give an example of a tree that has more than one common
name: _____________.
, Arborist Certification Study Guide With
Complete Solutions!!
Genus and Specific Epithet - Answer In the scientific name Acer saccharum, Acer
identifies the ___________, and saccharum identifies the _________
____________.
Varieties and cultivars - Answer Species are often subdivided into _________ or
___________ that have distinct differences from the general species.
Cultivar - Answer A ___________ is a cultivated variety.
There are not in the same genus. - Answer Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
differs from blasam fir (Abies balsamea) in that...
Opposite - Answer When two leaves and/or buds are located at the same node on a
twig, the arrangement is called...
Quercus rubra - Answer Select the scientific name that is written correctly...
Quercus (oaks) - Answer Which genus of trees usually does NOT have an opposite
leaf arrangement?
Pines - Answer Which conifers have needles in bundles?
45%, 50%, and 5% - Answer By volume, ideal soils are composed of ____ percent
mineral materials (sand, silt, and clay), ____ percent open or pore space, and ____
percent organic matter and organisms.
O: Organic Layer
A: Contains most of the Absorbing roots of trees
E: Mineral Weathering
B: Composed of fine-textured materials from the A horizon and soil particles from the
lower parent material.
C: subsoil, the lowest layer other than bedrock, composed of rocky parent material. -
Answer What are the 5 major soil horizons?
O, A, E, B, and C - Answer Soil horizons
O and A soil horizon - Answer The majority of the fine, absorbing roots of a tree are
in the _____ and ____ horizons.
Compact, pore space - Answer Driving vehicles across wet soil will ___________ the
soil and destroy soil _______ _________.
Buffering capacity - Answer If lime is added to a soil to change the pH, but there is
no significant change, which soil property is preventing pH change? _________
___________ .
True - Answer True or False. Negatively charged clay particles hold cations near
their surface.
Complete Solutions!!
Meristem - Answer Sites of rapid cell division in the shoot tips, root tips, and
cambium.
Apical meristem - Answer Meristems located at the end of the shoot are called
primary, or _________ meristems
Scales - Answer Buds are covered by _____________ that leave permanent scars
on the twig when the buds break dormancy. These scars can be useful in tree ID.
Apical dominance - Answer The tendency for terminal buds to inhibit the growth of
lateral buds is called ______________.
Leaves - Answer The food factories of trees are the ____________.
Photosynthesis & Oxygen - Answer The process of _____________ combines
carbon dioxide and water in a reaction driven by light to produce sugars. _________
is also a product of this reaction.
Chlorophyll - Answer The green color of leaves is created by the presence of
_____________, which is necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
Transpiration - Answer ___________ is the loss of water vapor from the leaves.
Stomata & Guard Cells - Answer The opening and closing of _________ allows for
gas exchange, and transpiration is controlled by the ___________.
Xylem & Phloem - Answer Water and dissolved essential minerals are transported
within the tree in the ___________. The ____________ conducts carbohydrates.
Cambium - Answer The ______________ is a layer of meristematic cells located
between the phloem and the xylem.
Branch collar & Branch bark ridge - Answer The ______ ________ is formed when
trunk tissue grows around branch tissues. As the branch and trunk tissues expand
against each other in the crotch, the __________ ______ ________ is formed.
Bark - Answer ___________ protects the branches and trunk of a tree from
mechanical injury and desiccation.
Absorption, conduction, anchorage, and storage. - Answer Name four functions of
the root system>
Osmosis - Answer Water enters young roots or mycorrhizal roots by a process called
______________.
Tropism, Phototropism & Geotropism - Answer The orientation of growth in response
to an external stimulus is called _____________. Two examples are ___________
and ____________.
,Arborist Certification Study Guide With
Complete Solutions!!
CODIT - Answer Compartmentalization Of Decay In Trees
Excurrent & Decurrent - Answer Trees with upright growth and a strong, central
leader are said to exhibit ______________ growth. More rounded trees, which are
often broader than they are tall, have ______________ growth habits.
Mycorrhizae - Answer Roots and fungi called ___________ exist in a symbiotic
relationship, which aids in the uptake of water and minerals.
Respiration - Answer The process by which chemical energy, stored as sugar and
starch, is released is called ______________.
Deciduous & Evergreen - Answer Trees that lose their leaves in the fall are called
_________. Trees that maintain their leaves for more than one year are called
___________.
Twig anatomy - Answer twig anatomy
Cross section of young stem - Answer Stem anatomy
Auxin - Answer A plant hormone
Cuticle - Answer Waxy covering of a leaf
Petiole - Answer Stalk of a leaf
Internode - Answer Between the nodes of a twig.
Lenticel - Answer Small openings in stems for gas exchange.
Ray - Answer Cells that cross the phloem and xylem for radial transport.
Absorbing roots - Answer mostly located in the upper 12 inches of soil.
Source - Answer Mature, green leaves -- sugar producers.
Sink - Answer Uses more energy than it produces.
Taxonomy - Answer The classification of plants is called __________.
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
,Arborist Certification Study Guide With
Complete Solutions!!
Species epithet - Answer List the levels of plant classification. The first letter of each
term is given.
Angiosperms and Gymnosperms - Answer ___________ are vascular plants whose
seeds are covered (by an ovary). __________ are vascular plants with "naked
seeds".
Monocotyledons (or monocots) - Answer The term "dicotyledon (dicot)" refers to
plants that have two seed leaves at germination. Grasses and palm trees belong to
another group called _________ and have only one seed leaf.
Nomenclature - Answer The naming of plants is called ___________.
Form or growth habit
Bark texture
Leaves
Flowers
Fruit
Seed
Buds
Leaf scars
Scent - Answer Name five plant characteristics used to identify trees.
Opposite leaves - Answer In temperate zones, most of the trees with opposite leaf
arrangement fall into four genera represented by "MAD Buck", for Maple, Ash,
Dogwood, and Buckeye.
Alternate leaves - Answer Alternate leaves
Whorled leaves - Answer Whorled leaves
buckeye, horsechestnut (pictured) - Answer Name a tree with palmately compound
leaves __________.
Ash, walnut, Kentucky coffeetree, ailanthus, honeylocust - Answer Name a tree with
pinnately compound leaves __________.
Lobed leaf - Answer
Compound leaf with serrate margins - Answer
One - Answer A compound leaf with multiple leaflets will have _________ bud(s).
ponderosa pine - Answer Give an example of a tree that has more than one common
name: _____________.
, Arborist Certification Study Guide With
Complete Solutions!!
Genus and Specific Epithet - Answer In the scientific name Acer saccharum, Acer
identifies the ___________, and saccharum identifies the _________
____________.
Varieties and cultivars - Answer Species are often subdivided into _________ or
___________ that have distinct differences from the general species.
Cultivar - Answer A ___________ is a cultivated variety.
There are not in the same genus. - Answer Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
differs from blasam fir (Abies balsamea) in that...
Opposite - Answer When two leaves and/or buds are located at the same node on a
twig, the arrangement is called...
Quercus rubra - Answer Select the scientific name that is written correctly...
Quercus (oaks) - Answer Which genus of trees usually does NOT have an opposite
leaf arrangement?
Pines - Answer Which conifers have needles in bundles?
45%, 50%, and 5% - Answer By volume, ideal soils are composed of ____ percent
mineral materials (sand, silt, and clay), ____ percent open or pore space, and ____
percent organic matter and organisms.
O: Organic Layer
A: Contains most of the Absorbing roots of trees
E: Mineral Weathering
B: Composed of fine-textured materials from the A horizon and soil particles from the
lower parent material.
C: subsoil, the lowest layer other than bedrock, composed of rocky parent material. -
Answer What are the 5 major soil horizons?
O, A, E, B, and C - Answer Soil horizons
O and A soil horizon - Answer The majority of the fine, absorbing roots of a tree are
in the _____ and ____ horizons.
Compact, pore space - Answer Driving vehicles across wet soil will ___________ the
soil and destroy soil _______ _________.
Buffering capacity - Answer If lime is added to a soil to change the pH, but there is
no significant change, which soil property is preventing pH change? _________
___________ .
True - Answer True or False. Negatively charged clay particles hold cations near
their surface.
