Chapter 10: Drug Therapy for Mental Health Vislosky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which drug category is useful in promoting sleep among patients with insomnia? a. Sedatives b. ACE inhibitors c. Atypical antipsychotics d. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ANS: A Sedatives are drugs that have the main purpose of promoting sleep by changing signals in the central nervous system and reducing responses to stimulation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowing REF: p. 184 2. You are preparing to give the benzodiazepine Valium to a patient as a premedication before surgery. The patient asks you how this drug works. What is your best response? a. “This drug works by binding to receptors acting with GABA to induce sleep.” b. “This drug is acts by preventing binding to the benzodiazepine receptors.” c. “This drug acts by inhibiting GABA responses to relax muscles.” d. “This drug acts by binding to opioid receptors.” ANS: A Benzodiazepines are sedating hypnotic drugs that depress the CNS by binding to benzodiazepine (BNZ) receptors that act with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors to enhance GABA effects, resulting sleep and muscle relaxation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 186 3. You are caring for a patient in the clinic setting who has been taking a benzodiazepine alprazolam (Xanax) for anxiety. What potential problem should you observe this patient for? a. Seizure activity b. Addiction c. Insomnia d. Anorexia ANS: B The benzodiazepines have a higher risk for addiction and dependency than do the nonbenzodiazepines. They also carry a black box warning for central nervous system depression. Overdoses are possible and serious. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 185 4. Which drug would you anticipate will be given to a patient who experienced an overdose of a benzodiazepine? a. Rifampin b. Naloxone