UTHSC Fall 2022 D2 Par 4 Pathology

UTHSC Fall 2022 D2 Par 4 Pathology __________ __________________ is responsible for more morbidity andmortality than any other category of human disease Vascular pathology Weakening of vessel walls leads to dilation or rupture stenosis Narrowing or complete obstruction of vessel lumens The general architecture and cellular composition of blood vessels (are/are not) similar throughout the cardiovascular system are what do structural specilizations in the cardiovascular system reflect? distinct functional roles characterize specific kinds of vessels All vessels except capillaries share a three-layered architecture consisting of? endothelium lined intima, a surrounding smooth muscle media, and supportive adventitia, admixed with extracellular matrix. Intima endothelial cells, basal lamina, pericytes, subendothelial connective tissue, and the internal elastic lamina; in the heart Media smooth muscle cells and elastic laminas including the external elastic lamina Adventitia collagenous connective tissue; in the heart called epicardium what two factors influence the sequential differentiation of the blood vessels? - Mechanical factors or hemodynamic forces (esp., blood pressure) - metabolic factors or tissue requirements veins are (low/high) pressure low arteries are (low/high) pressure high The smooth muscle cell and matrix content of arteries, veins, and capillaries vary according to what? hemodynamic demands (e.g., pressure, pulsatility) and functional requirements The specific composition of the vessel wall at any given site within the vascular tree influences what about pathologic injuries? the nature and consequences Vasculogenesis De novo formation of blood vessels during embryogenesis Angiogenesis • The process of new vessel formation in the mature organism. • Neovascularization Arteriogenesis