Psychology Test #7 with Complete Solutions

Behavior Therapy - ANSWER A type of psychotherapy that focuses on directly changing maladaptive behavior patterns by using basic learning principles and techniques; also called behavior modification. Flooding - ANSWER Exposing a person to a fear-evoking stimulus without adverse consequences until fear is extinguished. Systematic Desensitization - ANSWER A type of behavior therapy in which phobic responses are reduced by pairing relaxation with a series of mental images or real-life situations that the person finds progressively more fear-provoking. Modeling - ANSWER A behavior therapy technique in which a client observes and imitates a person who approaches and copes with feared objects or situations. Aversive Conditioning - ANSWER A relatively ineffective type of behavior therapy that involves repeatedly pairing an aversive stimulus w/the occurrence of in undesirable behaviors or thoughts. Token Economy - ANSWER A form of behavior therapy in which the therapeutic environment is structured to reward desired behaviors w/ tokens or points that may eventually be exchanged for tangible rewards. Successive Approximations - ANSWER In operant conditioning, a series of behaviors that gradually become more similar to a target behavior. Functional Analysis - ANSWER A systematic study of behavior in which on identifies the stimuli that trigger problem behavior and the reinforcers that maintain it. Gestalt Therapy - ANSWER Fritz Perl's form of psychotherapy, which attempts to integrate conflicting parts of the personality through directive methods designed to help clients perceive their whole selves. Psychotherapy - ANSWER A systematic interaction between a therapist and a client that brings psychological principles to bear on influencing the client's thoughts, feelings, or behavior to help the client overcome abnormal behavior or adjust to problems in living. Psychoanalysis - ANSWER A type of psychotherapy originated by Sigmund Freud in which free association, dream interpretation, and analysis of resistance and transference are used to explore repressed or unconscious impulses, anxieties, and internal conflicts. Free Association - ANSWER A technique used in psychoanalysis in which the patient spontaneously reports all thoughts, feelings, and mental images as they come to mind as a way of reveling unconscious thoughts and emotions. Resistance - ANSWER In psychoanalysis, the patient's unconscious attempts to block the revelation of repressed memories and conflicts. Dream Interpretation - ANSWER A technique used in psychoanalysis in which the content of dreams is analyzed for disguised or symbolic wishes, meanings, and motivations. Interpretation - ANSWER A technique used in psychoanalysis in which the psychoanalyst offers a carefully timed explanation of the patients dreams, free association, or behaviors to facilitate the recognition of unconscious conflict or motivations. Transference - ANSWER In psychoanalysis, the process by which emotions and desires originally associated with a significant person in the patient's life, such as a parent, are unconsciously transferred to the psychoanalyst. Modern Psycho dynamic Approaches - ANSWER Today, few psychotherapist practice traditional psychoanalysis lasting years.