psychology test #3 Answered 100% Fall 2020/2023

Development - ANSWER changes that occur in physical, cognitive and socioemotional functioning crosssectional method - ANSWER examines people of different ages at one point in time longitudinal method - ANSWER follows the same group of people phenotype - ANSWER a prsons unique physical psychological or behavioral characteristics Danielle is consulting her college's course catalog. The description of an upper-level psychology course begins, "This course surveys growth and change across the life span in physical, cognitive, and social domains." This course is MOST likely titled: - ANSWER developmental phsychology Which statement BEST captures the relationship between development and maturation? - ANSWER maturation is one type of development _____ research designs are susceptible to practice effects - ANSWER longitudinal An individual's 23 chromosome pairs make up his or her: - ANSWER Genotype The shortest period of prenatal development is the - period - ANSWER germinal when a babies ars and limbs begin to form the baby is in the - stage of prenatal development - ANSWER embryonic As evidenced by his concept of scaffolding, _____ placed more emphasis on the social foundations of cognitive development than did Piaget. - ANSWER vygotsky In Erikson's theory, children in elementary school (around 6 to 9 or 10 years of age) are generally in the _____ stage of development. - ANSWER trust versus mistrust The final stage of Kohlberg's theory is the _____ level of development. - ANSWER postconventional Preconventional moral reasoning is to conventional moral reasoning as _____ is to _____. - ANSWER self interest:social relationships According to Erikson, the psychosocial crisis of intimacy versus isolation occurs during: - ANSWER young adulthood ideally elderly adults beleieve that their lives have had meaning and purpose they feel a sense of - - ANSWER integrity nature development - ANSWER development governed by automatic genetically predetermined signals nurture development - ANSWER development governed by learning through observation and personal experience who was genie the wild child and what did her case show? - ANSWER she was locked in a room for years was never talked to or anything, after a certain age u can never learn what was piagets definition of schema? - ANSWER basic understanding, how we see the world assimilation - ANSWER using existing info to understand new info accommodation - ANSWER adjsuting old ideas to make place for neww info what is scaffolding - ANSWER push kids to go just beyond what they are competent and capable of doing, slowly give them less assitance secure romantic attachment - ANSWER easily connect w others, finds trust avoidant romantic attachment - ANSWER hard to trust, distant how many psychological stages did erikson claim there are? - ANSWER 8 what are kohlbergs 3 stages of moral development? - ANSWER preconevntional, conventional and post conventional which stage dos this demonstrate: If i am running late i dont driv recklessly bc i will get pulled over - ANSWER preconventional morality gender - ANSWER refers to the categories or dimensions of masuclinity and femininity based on social cyltural and psychological charascteristics zygote - ANSWER contains genetic material from both parents in 46 chromosomes androgens - ANSWER male reproductive hormone there are - chromosomes in a zygote - ANSWER 46 Studies of identical twins suggest that approximately _____% of aggressive behavior in the population can be explained by genetic factors, although the specific genes that underlie this effect have not been isolated. - ANSWER 50 In _____ syndrome, a _____ is born with an additional X chromosome. - ANSWER klinefelters:male Baby Nicole should understand masculine and feminine gender roles by the time she is ____ old - ANSWER 2-3 . years old Which gender-typing mechanism is probably of LEAST interest to a behavioral psychologist who emphasizes how learning processes shape who we are? - ANSWER gender schemas whichis not among the general categories of sexual difficulties outlind in the txtboook? - ANSWER identity how many americans have HIV - ANSWER 1.2 million personality - ANSWER refers to the unique core set of characteristics taht influence the way one thinks, acts and feels temperament - ANSWER the distinct patterns of emotional reactions and behaviors observed early in life psychoanalytic personality theory - ANSWER personality develops early in life, affected by processes we are unaware of behavioral personality theory - ANSWER shaped by interactions with the environment specifically through learning humanistic personality theory - ANSWER we are innately good and control our destinies, move towards growth social cognitive persoanlity theory - ANSWER social influences and mental processes that affect personality