Fundamental HESI, Hesi Fundamentals, Hesi Fundamentals Practice Test, UNIT 1: Foundations of Nursing Practice

Which assessment data would provide the most accurate determination of proper placement of a nasogastric tube? A) Aspirating gastric contents to assure a pH value of 4 or less. B) Hearing air pass in the stomach after injecting air into the tubing. C) Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted. D) Checking the remaining length of tubing to ensure that the correct length was inserted. - C) Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted Both (A and B) are methods used to determine proper placement of the NG tubing. However, the best indicator that the tubing is properly placed is (C). (D) is not an indicator of proper placement When assisting an 82-year-old client to ambulate, it is important for the nurse to realize that the center of gravity for an elderly person is the A) Arms. B) Upper torso. C) Head. D) Feet - B) Upper torso The center of gravity for adults is the hips. However, as the person grows older, a stooped posture is common because of the changes from osteoporosis and normal bone degeneration, and the knees, hips, and elbows flex. This stooped posture results in the upper torso (B) becoming the center of gravity for older persons. Although (A) is a part, or an extension of the upper torso, this is not the best and most complete answer. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement when donning sterile gloves? A) Maintain thumb at a ninety degree angle. B) Hold hands with fingers down while gloving. C) Keep gloved hands above the elbows. D) Put the glove on the dominant hand first. - C) Keep gloved hands above the elbows Gloved hands held below waist level are considered unsterile (C). (A and B) are not essential to maintaining asepsis. While it may be helpful to put the glove on the dominant hand first, it is not necessary to ensure asepsis (D). An adult male client with a history of hypertension tells the nurse that he is tired of taking antihypertensive medications and is going to try spiritual meditation instead. What should be the nurse's first response? A) It is important that you continue your medication while learning to meditate. B) Spiritual meditation requires a time commitment of 15 to 20 minutes daily. C) Obtain your healthcare provider's permission before starting meditation. D) Complementary therapy and western medicine can be effective for you. - A) It is important that you continue your medication while learning to meditate The prolonged practice of meditation may lead to a reduced need for antihypertensive medications. However, the medications must be continued (A) while the physiologic response to meditation is monitored. (B) is not as important as continuing the medication. The healthcare provider should be informed, but permission is not required to meditate (C). Although it is true that this complimentary therapy might be effective (D), it is essential that the client continue with antihypertensive medications until the effect of meditation can be measured