Chapter 12, Chapter 12, Human Genome Project, BIO TEST CH 12, last bio

DNA ligase - Which of the following enzymes can create a bond between adjacent, unjoined nucleotides? small circlets of DNA found in bacteria - Frequently, genetic engineers use plasmids, which are _____. Gene cloning occurs when a bacterium carrying a recombinant plasmid reproduces, thus allowing for the production of multiple copies of the recombinant plasmid. - What is gene cloning? provide a site for complementary base pairing so that pieces of DNA can be linked together - "Sticky ends" are very useful in genetic engineering because they _____. a restriction enzyme - An enzyme that "cuts" DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotide bases is called _____. destroy foreign DNA - The "normal" function of restriction enzymes is to _____. a restriction enzyme and a ligase - The recombinant molecule below was generated using which two enzymes? insert a foreign piece of DNA cut with the same restriction enzyme - Shown below is the effect of a restriction enzyme known as EcoRI. Cutting with this enzyme allows scientists to _____. the generation of short fragments of a single-stranded DNA left at the end of a DNA molecule - What does the term sticky end refer to in genetic engineering? the fragments will bond to other fragments with complementary single-stranded ends - When a typical restriction enzyme cuts a DNA molecule, the cuts are staggered so that the DNA fragments have singlestranded ends. This is important in recombinant DNA technology because _____. unpaired bases produced by a trstriction enzyme - The so-called sticky ends of a plasmid or bacterial chromosome are _____. restriction enzymes - DNA used in recombinant DNA techniques is first cut into fragments by _____. a plasmid or other agent used to transfer DNA into a living cell - What does the term vector refer to in genetic engineering? genomic library - Copies of cloned genes are stored in a _____. work backword from mRNA to make a version of the gene without introns - Bacteria lack RNA-splicing machinery, which means they are unable to splice out introns from eukaryotic genes. To engineer a bacterium to produce a eukaryotic protein, it is necessary to synthesize a gene without introns. If you know the nucleotide sequence, you can _____