CHAPTER3 - HEALTH, ILLNESS, AND DISPARITIES EXAM REVIEW 2022

Health - ANS-a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Illness - ANS-the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving changed level of functioning Wellness - ANS-an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical, mental, and emotional health Acute Illness - ANS--Generally has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time -Examples: appendicitis, pneumonia, diarrhea, common cold Which is an example of an acute illness? A. Diabetes B. Rheumatoid arthritis C. Pneumonia D. Osteoporosis - ANS-Answer: C. Pneumonia Rationale: Pneumonia is an acute illness that has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time. Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis are chronic illnesses that cause a permanent change, require special patient education for rehabilitation, and require a long period of care or support. Chronic Illness - ANS--A broad term that encompasses many different physical and mental alterations in health -Usually has a slow onset and may have periods of remission (When the disease is present but the person does not experience any symptoms) and exacerbation (the symptoms of the disease reappear) -Examples: diabetes mellitus, lung disease, arthritis, lupus Characteristics of a Chronic Illness - ANS--It is a permanent change. -It causes, or is caused by, irreversible alterations in normal anatomy and physiology. -It requires special patient education for rehabilitation. -It requires a long period of care or support. -Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world -Of the 10 leading causes of death in the US, 7 are the result of chronic illnesses (heart dz, cancer, CVA, chronic lower respiratory disease, diabetes, Alzheimers dz, & kidney disease) Stage 1 of illness behavior - ANS-Stage 1: Experiencing symptoms (pain, cough) - last for a short time, if relieved by self-care, the person takes no further action. If the symptoms continue..... Stage 2 of illness behavior - ANS-Stage 2: Assuming the sick role - focus on symptoms, seeks out treatment, becomes a patient