Portage Learning NURS 231 Pathophysiology 2022 Module 10 Exam Q4 UPDATE

Portage Learning NURS 231 Pathophysiology 2022 Module 10 Exam Question 1 Describe 4 functions of the skeleton. Your Answer: The skeleton is the site for muscle attachment and the production of blood cells, protects vital organs and soft tissue structures, and stores calcium and other minerals. The skeleton acts as a framework for our bodies; it serves as a site for muscle attachment; it protects vital organs and soft tissue structures; it stores calcium and other minerals; it is the site where blood cells are produced. *note – only 4 are required. Question 2 Name the 2 major skeletal divisions and the bones that comprise each. Your Answer: The 2 major skeletal divisions are axial and appendicular. The bones of skull, thorax and the vertebral column makes up the axial skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower extremities, pectoral and pelvic girdles make up the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton is made up of the bones of the skull, thorax, and the vertebral column. The appendicular skeleton is made up of the bones of the upper and lower extremities as well as the pectoral and pelvic girdles. Question 3 Compare and contrast cortical bone and cancellous bone. Your Answer: Cortical bone is composed of a densely packed extracellular matrix that forms the hard, external layer of bones, while cancellous bone forms the interior of bones and composed of trabeculae and bone marrow. Cortical bone is found in the appendicular skeleton of the diaphysis in long bones. Cancellous bone is found in the axial skeleton between the cortices of smaller flat and short bones. Cortical bone forms the hard, outer shell of bone while cancellous bone forms the interior aspect of bone. Cortical bone has a densely packed extracellular matrix giving it its rigidity while cancellous bone is composed of trabeculae and bone marrow. Question 4 List the 4 shapes of bone and give an example of each. Y