Features of waves:
Waves are vibrations that transfer energy from place to place without
transferring matter (e.g. Solids, liquids and gases). The direction of
oscillations is the difference between transverse or longitudinal waves
↳ longitudinal waves = vibrations are parallel to direction of wave
travel.
↳ transverse waves = vibrations are at a right angle to direction of wave
travel.
↳ mechanical waves = cause oscillations of particles in a solid, liquid or
gas and must have a medium(substance) to travel through.
I
↳ wavelength- the distance between the same points on two consecutive
waves.
amplitude - the distance from the equilibrium line to the maximum
displacement.
Frequency - the number of waves that pass a single point per second,
measured in hertz (Hz).
Period - the time taken(seconds)for a whole wave to completely pass a
single point.
Diffraction:
Diffraction is the spreading out of waves when they pass through a gap.
The range of the spreading depends on how the width of the gap compares to
the wavelength of the waves.
↳ a gap much larger than the wavelength causes little spreading and a
sharp shadow.
↳ a gap similar in size to the wavelength causes a lot of spreading with
no sharp shadow.
Wave period + wave speed:
Time period = T
frequiency
Wave speed(m/s) = frequency(hertz) x wavelength(m)
Speed (m/s) = distance (m) /time (s)
, Required practical - measuring waves in a ripple tank:
↳ measuring the frequency, wavelength and speed of the waves
TÉ
t
Hazard = electrical components near water.
Consequence = shock and damage to components.
Control measure = secure electrical components before adding water, take
care not to splash.
Required practical - measuring waves in a solid:
↳ measuring the frequency, wavelength and speed of waves in a solid.
Fte
woofiage
Hazard = cord snapping.
Consequence = damage to eye.
Control measures = eye protection/ safety screen.
Waves are vibrations that transfer energy from place to place without
transferring matter (e.g. Solids, liquids and gases). The direction of
oscillations is the difference between transverse or longitudinal waves
↳ longitudinal waves = vibrations are parallel to direction of wave
travel.
↳ transverse waves = vibrations are at a right angle to direction of wave
travel.
↳ mechanical waves = cause oscillations of particles in a solid, liquid or
gas and must have a medium(substance) to travel through.
I
↳ wavelength- the distance between the same points on two consecutive
waves.
amplitude - the distance from the equilibrium line to the maximum
displacement.
Frequency - the number of waves that pass a single point per second,
measured in hertz (Hz).
Period - the time taken(seconds)for a whole wave to completely pass a
single point.
Diffraction:
Diffraction is the spreading out of waves when they pass through a gap.
The range of the spreading depends on how the width of the gap compares to
the wavelength of the waves.
↳ a gap much larger than the wavelength causes little spreading and a
sharp shadow.
↳ a gap similar in size to the wavelength causes a lot of spreading with
no sharp shadow.
Wave period + wave speed:
Time period = T
frequiency
Wave speed(m/s) = frequency(hertz) x wavelength(m)
Speed (m/s) = distance (m) /time (s)
, Required practical - measuring waves in a ripple tank:
↳ measuring the frequency, wavelength and speed of the waves
TÉ
t
Hazard = electrical components near water.
Consequence = shock and damage to components.
Control measure = secure electrical components before adding water, take
care not to splash.
Required practical - measuring waves in a solid:
↳ measuring the frequency, wavelength and speed of waves in a solid.
Fte
woofiage
Hazard = cord snapping.
Consequence = damage to eye.
Control measures = eye protection/ safety screen.
