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College aantekeningen oncologie Medische Biologie

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Aantekeningen over het onderwerp oncologie. Met de verschillende vormen en de behandelingen/onderzoek etc. ervan.

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Uploaded on
October 18, 2022
Number of pages
7
Written in
2022/2023
Type
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Hoorcollege 7.7 Oncologie

Benigne tumoren
Kenmerken:
 Autonome expansieve groei  zelfstandige groei waarbij omliggend weefsel wordt
weggedrukt
 Kapsel  kan zich niet verspreiden
 Matig gedifferentieerd  lijken nog een beetje op gezonde cellen

Symptomen:
 Voelbaar gezwel
 Afsluiting of verdrukking
 Bloedverlies bij myoom
 Hormoonproductie bij adenoom

Onderzoek:
 Cytologie/histologie
 Lichamelijk onderzoek
 Beeldvormend onderzoek

Behandeling:
 Operatief

Maligne tumoren
Kenmerken:
 Autonome infiltratieve groei  dringt door in omliggend weefsel
 Metastasering
 Laag gedifferentieerd  cellen hebben hele nieuwe eigenschappen t.o.v. de gezonde
cellen

Symptomen:
 Voelbaar gezwel
 Functieverlies
 Chronisch bloedverlies zonder pijn
 Pijnklachten
 Moeheid  kankercellen nemen alle voedingsstoffen op
 Gewichtsverlies
 Algehele malaise

, Onderzoek:
 Als bij benigne tumoren
 Botscan (botscintigrafie)
 Schildwachtklier onderzoek (sentinel node procedure)




Behandeling:
Curatief; (neo)adjuvant; palliatief
 Operatief (en-bloc)
 Bestraling  radiotherapie
o Uitwendig en/of inwendig (brachytherapie)
o Bijwerkingen; moe, haaruitval, huidklachten, slijmvlies problemen, anemie
 Chemotherapie
o Bijwerkingen; anemie, leukopenie; trombocytopenie, haaruitval, misselijk,
braken, diarree
 Hormonale therapie
o Verminderen hormoonproductie; operatief, radiotherapie, LHRH-agonist
o Blokkeren hormonale werking; receptorblokkers
 Doelgerichte therapie
o Celdeling, celdood, immuunsysteem, bloedvaten
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