PSY 341 PSY 341 PSY341 Exam 3 Review Test Submission: Exam 3

PSY 341 PSY 341 PSY341 Exam 3 Review Test Submission: Exam 3 PSY 341 Exam 3 Review Test Submission: Exam 3 • Question 1 0 out of 2 points G. Stanley Hall described adolescence as a Selected Answer: generally pleasant time of life in which the social environment is responsible for the range of teenage experiences. Answers: period so turbulent that it resembles the era in which humans evolved from savages into civilized beings. time in which teenagers grasp scientific and mathematical principles and grapple with social and political issues. generally pleasant time of life in which the social environment is responsible for the range of teenage experiences. brief intervening phase between childhood and full assumption of adult roles and responsibilities. • Question 2 2 out of 2 points According to anthropologist Margaret Mead, _____________ is/are entirely responsible for the range of teenage experiences. Selected Answer: the social environment Answers: biology the social environment the storm-and-stress of adolescence psychological forces • Question 3 2 out of 2 points Western adolescents are granted partial adult status upon the happening of many different events, including Selected Answer: voting. Answers: voting. entering high school. beginning to date. menarche or spermarche. • Question 4 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is true about adolescent moodiness? Selected Answer: Adolescent mood swings are strongly related to situational changes. Answers: Adolescents rate their moods more positively in adult-structured settings. Adolescent mood swings are strongly related to situational changes. Teenagers' emotional highs coincide with weekend evenings spent at home. Teenagers' emotional lows coincide with self-chosen leisure activities. • Question 5 2 out of 2 points Seventeen-year-old Emily is more likely to experience positive emotions when she Selected Answer: engages in self-chosen leisure activities. Answers: is involved in adult-structured activities. engages in self-chosen leisure activities. completes a difficult job successfully. spends a weekend evening at home. • Question 6 2 out of 2 points ____________ is a modern substitute for the actual physical departure of young people from the family group that takes place in nonindustrialized cultures. Selected Answer: Psychological distancing Answers: The transition to adulthood Emotional upheaval Psychological distancing Adolescent moodiness • Question 7 2 out of 2 points Early sexual activity is more common among young people from Selected Answer: economically disadvantaged homes. Answers: high-SES income homes. economically disadvantaged homes. only-child families. large families. • Question 8 2 out of 2 points Research shows that many adolescents do not use contraception during sexual activity because they Selected Answer: fail to apply their reasoning skills to everyday situations. Answers: fail to apply their reasoning skills to everyday situations. enjoy the thrill of risky behavior. receive inaccurate information on pregnancy and STDs. are unable to determine the consequences of their actions. • Question 9 2 out of 2 points Compared to heterosexual men, homosexual men tend to be _______ in birth order and have a(n) _______ number of older brothers. Selected Answer: later; higher-than-average Answers: later; lower-than-average earlier; higher-than-average later; higher-than-average earlier; average • Question 10 2 out of 2 points Which of the following adolescents is most likely to engage in early sexual activity? Selected Answer: Angelo, who is African American Answers: Carrie, who is an only child Angelo, who is African American Thomas, who is Asian American Marla, who experienced late pubertal development • Question 11 2 out of 2 points When faced with a propositional reasoning problem, 17-year-old Max is likely to Selected Answer: justify his reasoning by explaining the rules on which it is based. Answers: justify his answer using a fictional or egocentric response. need concrete objects or situations to explain his answer. have great difficulty reasoning from premises that contradict reality or his own beliefs. justify his reasoning by explaining the rules on which it is based. • Question 12 2 out of 2 points The primary factor that prevents college students and adults from displaying formal operational thinking in some situations is that Selected Answer: they do not have enough experience and practice in using such reasoning. Answers: they do not have enough experience and practice in using such reasoning. they fail to use memory strategies effectively. this kind of thinking is not especially useful in our society. there is a cultural stigma associated with formal operations. • Question 13 2 out of 2 points Once formed, identity Selected Answer: continues to be refined in adulthood as people reevaluate earlier commitments and choices. Answers: continues to be refined in adulthood as people reevaluate earlier commitments and choices. remains stable throughout the lifespan. tends to be rigid, which can drastically limit adolescents' choices. prevents people from questioning their values and priorities. • Question 14 2 out of 2 points Current theorists agree that for most young people, identity development is not traumatic and disturbing but, rather, a process of __________ followed by ___________. Selected Answer: exploration; commitment Answers: confusion; a crisis exploration; role confusion exploration; commitment questioning; role confusion • Question 15 2 out of 2 points Identity-foreclosed individuals Selected Answer: have committed themselves to values and goals without exploring alternatives. Answers: lack clear direction. often reject their parents' values and goals. have not yet committed themselves to values and goals. have committed themselves to values and goals without exploring alternatives. • Question 16 2 out of 2 points Identity-diffused individuals Selected Answer: are apathetic, lacking both exploration and commitment. Answers: have committed to values, beliefs, and goals following a period of exploration. are apathetic, lacking both exploration and commitment. have accepted a ready-made identity chosen for them by authority figures. have explored, but not yet committed, to values and goals. • Question 17 2 out of 2 points Jesse is an adolescent who is identity foreclosed. As such, he will tend to Selected Answer: fear rejection by people on whom he depends for affection and self-esteem. Answers: seek out and carefully evaluate information and critically reflect on and revise his views. doubt that anything can ever be known with certainty. believe rational criteria can be used to make choices. fear rejection by people on whom he depends for affection and self-esteem. • Question 18 2 out of 2 points ___________ individuals are the least mature in identity development. Selected Answer: Long-term diffused Answers: Long-term diffused Identity-achieved Foreclosed Long-term moratorium • Question 19 2 out of 2 points Research suggests that like Piaget's cognitive stages, Kohlberg's moral stages are Selected Answer: loosely organized and overlapping. Answers: highly organized and sequential. loosely organized and overlapping. only applicable to boys and men. predictable and universal. • Question 20 2 out of 2 points On hypothetical dilemmas, adolescent and adult females Selected Answer: display reasoning at the same stage as their male agemates and often at a higher stage. Answers: display reasoning at the same stage as their male agemates and often at a higher stage. are more likely than males to focus on themes of justice. display reasoning at a lower stage than their male agemates. focus on themes of both justice and caring, while males focus only on themes of justice. • Question 21 2 out of 2 points Adolescents who make the greatest gains in moral understanding have parents who Selected Answer: engage in moral discussions. Answers: lecture frequently. ask few questions. engage in moral discussions. place limits on their free time. • Question 22 2 out of 2 points ____________ is a powerful predictor of movement to Kohlberg's Stage 4 or higher. Selected Answer: Years of schooling Answers: Age Years of schooling Religious affiliation Ethnic identity • Question 23 2 out of 2 points Mild family conflict Selected Answer: informs parents of the changing needs and expectations of their children, signaling that adjustments in the parent-child relationship are necessary. Answers: is associated with a rise in antisocial behavior, particularly for older adolescents. often escalates into intense parent-child disagreements and a sharp rise in sibling rivalry. informs parents of the changing needs and expectations of their children, signaling that adjustments in the parent-child relationship are necessary. interferes with adolescent autonomy and identity development and predicts long-term adjustment problems. • Question 24 2 out of 2 points The reduced time that Western teenagers spend with their parents most likely results from Selected Answer: the large amount of unstructured time available to teenagers. Answers: a sharp increase in parent-child conflict. the lack of unstructured time available to Western teens. adolescents' view that parents are not "cool." the large amount of unstructured time available to teenagers. • Question 25 2 out of 2 points The adult years are difficult to divide into discrete periods because Selected Answer: the timing of important milestones varies greatly among individuals. Answers: biological aging does not begin until middle adulthood. the timing of important milestones varies greatly among individuals. the physical changes of the adult years are one-dimensional. adults are often reluctant to identify themselves as belonging to a particular developmental period. • Question 26 2 out of 2 points Biological aging Selected Answer: is under way in early adulthood. Answers: is under way in early adulthood. begins in middle adulthood. is similar among various parts of the body. is underway in infancy. • Question 27 2 out of 2 points Darlene has heavy deposits of plaque containing cholesterol and fats collected on the walls of her main arteries. Darlene has Selected Answer: atherosclerosis. Answers: hypertension. osteoporosis. arrhythmia. atherosclerosis. • Question 28 2 out of 2 points _________ may heighten the effects of a high-fat diet. Selected Answer: Sex hormones Answers: Sex hormones Over-the-counter medications Free radicals Low body weight • Question 29 2 out of 2 points Which of the following motor skills will probably peak earliest in life? Selected Answer: speed of limb movement Answers: speed of limb movement endurance upper body strength aiming • Question 30 2 out of 2 points Which of the following athletes' skills will probably peak latest in life? Selected Answer: Rolf, a long-distance runner Answers: Rod, a sprinter Reba, a tennis player Rolf, a long-distance runner Rita, a high-jumper • Question 31 0 out of 2 points ______________ fat generally comes from meat and dairy products and is solid at room temperature. Selected Answer: Partially hydrogenated Answers: Unsaturated Saturated Polyunsaturated Partially hydrogenated • Question 32 0 out of 2 points When it comes to dietary fat, the best suggestion is Selected Answer: to substitute saturated fat for unsaturated fat. Answers: do not consume it. to eat less fat of all kinds. to substitute saturated fat for unsaturated fat. to eat it but exercise immediately afterwards. • Question 33 0 out of 2 points Regular physical activity is linked to Selected Answer: repetitive injuries, particularly in the joints. Answers: repetitive injuries, particularly in the joints. slight declines T-cell production. reduced incidence of cancer. reduced energy, but improving mood. • Question 34 2 out of 2 points In the United States, drug taking peaks around ages Selected Answer: 19 to 22. Answers: 14 to 16. 17 to 18. 19 to 22. 23 to 25. • Question 35 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is true about rape prevention and treatment? Selected Answer: Practically no services are available for victimized men, who are often too embarrassed to come forward. Answers: Practically no services are available for victimized men, who are often too embarrassed to come forward. The trauma induced by rape is typically so severe that therapy is an ineffective intervention. In the United States, treatment is mandated for men and women who sexually assault their partners. Safety planning interventions are not needed if the abuser is no longer present in the victim's life. • Question 36 2 out of 2 points A successful method for curing PMS Selected Answer: has not been devised. Answers: involves hormone therapy. has not been devised. involves analgesics for pain. involves antidepressant medication. • Question 37 2 out of 2 points During the decade of the twenties, there is a sharp rise in the extent to which people feel they Selected Answer: are personally in control of the events in their lives. Answers: are personally in control of the events in their lives. have little control over their future. should have made better choices with their lives. are unable to successfully resolve their personal and professional relationships. • Question 38 2 out of 2 points The life pursuits and subjective judgments of many contemporary young people have spawned the ______________ transitional period, extending from the late teens to the mid-twenties. Selected Answer: emerging adulthood Answers: latent teenage formal operational emerging adulthood pre-adulthood • Question 39 2 out of 2 points __________________ seems to foster confidence during early adulthood because it guarantees that young people will engage in the work of society, develop skills, and gain in understanding of the self and others. Selected Answer: Following a social clock Answers: Following a social clock Constructing a split dream Generativity Close friendship • Question 40 2 out of 2 points Research suggests that when Bobby and Betty select their mates, Betty will assign greater weight to __________, while Bobby will place more emphasis on ______________. Selected Answer: ambition; physical attractiveness Answers: physical attractiveness; intelligence domestic abilities; moral character financial status; ambition ambition; physical attractiveness • Question 41 2 out of 2 points According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Selected Answer: intimacy, passion, and commitment shift in emphasis as romantic relationships develop. Answers: in most cultures, "opposites attract." intimacy, passion, and commitment shift in emphasis as romantic relationships develop. initial passion turns into intimacy, which then leads to commitment. passion develops after commitment is established. • Question 42 2 out of 2 points Gayle has had a few dates with Joine. Early ________ love is a strong predictor of whether they will keep dating. Selected Answer: passionate Answers: committed intimate passionate compassionate • Question 43 2 out of 2 points In the transformation of romantic involvements from passionate to companionate, __________ may be the aspect of love that determines whether a relationship survives. Selected Answer: commitment Answers: passion commitment monogamy intimacy • Question 44 2 out of 2 points Which person is the most likely to experience loneliness? Selected Answer: Melissa, who is socially unresponsive Answers: Grant, who has a secure attachment history Trent, who is comfortable being alone Melissa, who is socially unresponsive Grace, who is sensitive to others • Question 45 2 out of 2 points As long as it is not overwhelming, ___________ can motivate young people to reach out to others. Selected Answer: loneliness Answers: a marital breakup family conflict constructing a split dream loneliness • Question 46 2 out of 2 points Which of the following is true about the family life cycle? Selected Answer: Some people do not experience all family life-cycle phases. Answers: The family life cycle represents a fixed progression of stages. The family life cycle is only applicable to families in industrialized nations. Few variations exist in the sequence and timing of its phases. Some people do not experience all family life-cycle phases. • Question 47 0 out of 2 points Residential independence Selected Answer: is more likely to be encouraged by parents in collectivist rather than individualistic cultures. Answers: is less common for Americans in their twenties today than it was 50 years ago. rises steadily with age-a trend evident in most industrialized nations. is more likely to be encouraged by parents in collectivist rather than individualistic cultures. is common for young adults who marry, but not for those who remain single in their twenties. • Question 48 2 out of 2 points Many perpetrators treated for partner abuse Selected Answer: repeat their violent behavior with the same or a new partner. Answers: repeat their violent behavior with the same or a new partner. take responsibility for their actions. attribute greater blame to themselves than to their partners. are women who exhibit violent behavior towards male victims. • Question 49 0 out of 2 points Which woman is more likely to delay parenthood or decide against it altogether? Selected Answer: Molly, who has a traditional gender-role orientation Answers: Molly, who has a traditional gender-role orientation Renae, who has a high-status, demanding job Ann, who works at a low-level, undemanding job Amanda, who is unemployed • Question 50 2 out of 2 points The most common disadvantage of parenthood cited by contemporary couples is Selected Answer: the loss of freedom. Answers: a decline in marital satisfaction. not enough time for both family and work. not enough money for leisure pursuits. the loss of freedom. Friday, June 20, 2014 6:33:25 PM MST