HESI-A2 ANATOMY
Anatomy Questions for HESI entrance exam
QUESTION and ANSWER
A cut along the median plane; cuts the body into left and right.
Sagittal
A cut along the frontal section; cuts the body into anterior and posterior sections.
Coronal
A cut through the middle of the body; cuts body into superior and inferior portions.
Transverse
This body cavity includes the cranial and spinal cavities.
Dorsal
This body cavity includes the orbits & the nasal, oral, thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities.
Ventral
Study of tissues histology Group of cells that act together to perform specific functions.
Tissue
Tissue that is the framework of the body, providing support & structure for the organs.
connective tissue
Tissue composed of neurons & connective tissue cells that are called neuralgia
Nerve tissue
Tissue that has the ability to contract or shorten; it is classified as voluntary or involuntary.
muscle tissue
voluntary muscle tissue skeletal muscle tissue
Involuntary muscle tissue smooth muscle & cardiac muscle tissue
Basic unit of life; building block of tissues and organs
cell
__ include the enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions in the body.
Proteins
Where does meiosis take place?
, Gonads
Mucous, serous, synovial & cutaneous are membranes composed mainly of __ tissue
Epithelial
What is replaced by bone during embryonic development?
cartilage
__ is mainly found in joints, thorax & various rigid tubules.
Cartilage
The largest organ of the body
skin
The layer of skin composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels, sensory nerve endings,
hair follicles & glands.
Dermis
Two types of sweat glands
Eccrine & apcorine
Sweat gland that regulates body temperature by releasing a watery secretion that evaporates from
the surface of the skin.
Eccrine
Sweat glands that are mainly in the groin and armpits and contain bits of cytoplasm in the secretion
apocrine
The __ skeleton is make up of the pelvic girdle (os coxae) & the lower extremity.
lower appendicular skeleton
List the bones of the os coxae
ilium, ischium, & pubis
Muscle contraction results from the sliding together of what 2 filaments within the muscle cell or
fiber?
Actin & myosin
What are myofibrils made up of?
sarcomeres
What must be present for muscles to contract?
ATP & calcium
Skeletal muscle = __ muscle
, voluntary
Muscles that work in coordination with primary movers.
Synergists
Muscles that reduce the angle at the joint.
flexors
Muscles that increase the angle at the joint.
extensors
The __ system is made up of the brain, spinal cord & nerves.
nervous
What are the main parts of a neuron?
cell body, dendrite, axon
__ of a neuron transmit impulse toward the body of the cell.
dendrites
__ of a neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body.
axon
The 2 parts of the nervous system
CNS & PNS
The division of the nervous system that consists of all of the nerves that transmit info to & from the
central nervous system.
PNS
2 divisions of the PNS
Sensory (afferent) neurons & Motor (efferent) neurons
Neurons that transmit nerve impulses towards the CNS.
sensory (afferent) neurons
Neurons that carry nerve impulses away from the CNS, and toward the effector organs such as
muscles, glands & digestive organs
motor (efferent) neurons
The major parts of the brain
cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata
Part of the brain associated with movement & sensory input
cerebrum
Part of the brain responsible for muscular coordination
Anatomy Questions for HESI entrance exam
QUESTION and ANSWER
A cut along the median plane; cuts the body into left and right.
Sagittal
A cut along the frontal section; cuts the body into anterior and posterior sections.
Coronal
A cut through the middle of the body; cuts body into superior and inferior portions.
Transverse
This body cavity includes the cranial and spinal cavities.
Dorsal
This body cavity includes the orbits & the nasal, oral, thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities.
Ventral
Study of tissues histology Group of cells that act together to perform specific functions.
Tissue
Tissue that is the framework of the body, providing support & structure for the organs.
connective tissue
Tissue composed of neurons & connective tissue cells that are called neuralgia
Nerve tissue
Tissue that has the ability to contract or shorten; it is classified as voluntary or involuntary.
muscle tissue
voluntary muscle tissue skeletal muscle tissue
Involuntary muscle tissue smooth muscle & cardiac muscle tissue
Basic unit of life; building block of tissues and organs
cell
__ include the enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions in the body.
Proteins
Where does meiosis take place?
, Gonads
Mucous, serous, synovial & cutaneous are membranes composed mainly of __ tissue
Epithelial
What is replaced by bone during embryonic development?
cartilage
__ is mainly found in joints, thorax & various rigid tubules.
Cartilage
The largest organ of the body
skin
The layer of skin composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels, sensory nerve endings,
hair follicles & glands.
Dermis
Two types of sweat glands
Eccrine & apcorine
Sweat gland that regulates body temperature by releasing a watery secretion that evaporates from
the surface of the skin.
Eccrine
Sweat glands that are mainly in the groin and armpits and contain bits of cytoplasm in the secretion
apocrine
The __ skeleton is make up of the pelvic girdle (os coxae) & the lower extremity.
lower appendicular skeleton
List the bones of the os coxae
ilium, ischium, & pubis
Muscle contraction results from the sliding together of what 2 filaments within the muscle cell or
fiber?
Actin & myosin
What are myofibrils made up of?
sarcomeres
What must be present for muscles to contract?
ATP & calcium
Skeletal muscle = __ muscle
, voluntary
Muscles that work in coordination with primary movers.
Synergists
Muscles that reduce the angle at the joint.
flexors
Muscles that increase the angle at the joint.
extensors
The __ system is made up of the brain, spinal cord & nerves.
nervous
What are the main parts of a neuron?
cell body, dendrite, axon
__ of a neuron transmit impulse toward the body of the cell.
dendrites
__ of a neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body.
axon
The 2 parts of the nervous system
CNS & PNS
The division of the nervous system that consists of all of the nerves that transmit info to & from the
central nervous system.
PNS
2 divisions of the PNS
Sensory (afferent) neurons & Motor (efferent) neurons
Neurons that transmit nerve impulses towards the CNS.
sensory (afferent) neurons
Neurons that carry nerve impulses away from the CNS, and toward the effector organs such as
muscles, glands & digestive organs
motor (efferent) neurons
The major parts of the brain
cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata
Part of the brain associated with movement & sensory input
cerebrum
Part of the brain responsible for muscular coordination
