biology
MRS GREN
Movement – an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place
Respiration – the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for
metabolism
Sensitivity – the ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external environment and to make
appropriate responses
Growth – a permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both
Reproduction - the process of producing offspring that are biologically or genetically similar to the
parent organism
Excretion – removal from organisms of the waste products of metabolism (chemical reactions in cells
including respiration), toxic materials and substances in excess of requirements
Nutrition – taking in of materials for energy, growth and development; plants require light, carbon
dioxide, water and ions; animals need organic compounds and ions and usually need water
Classification means putting things into groups by their anatomy, morphology and DNA
species – a group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring
binomial system – an internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of two
parts showing the genus and species
CELLS
“A cell is defined as the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life's processes.”
, biology
A ribosome is a cellular particle made of RNA and protein that serves as the site for protein synthesis in
the cell.
Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of messenger RNA molecules to form
polypeptide chains
instructions carried on the DNA in the cell’s nucleus
Mitochondria are found in almost all cells, except those of prokaryotes.
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell. Inside them, oxygen is used to release energy from glucose, in the
process called aerobic respiration.
cells that use a lot of energy have a lot of mitochondria.
granules of a carbohydrate called glycogen. This is similar to starch. (Starch is never found in animal cells – they
store glycogen instead.) Glycogen is a reserve fuel. When required, it can be broken down to glucose, to be used
as a fuel by the mitochondria in the liver cell, or transported in the blood to other cells that need it.
1km = 1000m μm = micrometer
1m = 100cm
1cm = 10mm M=magnification
1mm = 1000 μm I = drawing image
1 μm = 1000nm A=actual image
PLANT CELLS ANIMALS CELLS
have a cellulose cell wall outside the cell have no cell wall
membrane
have a cell membrane have a cell membrane
have cytoplasm have cytoplasm
have a nucleus have a nucleus
often have chloroplasts containing chlorophyll have no chloroplasts
often have large vacuoles containing cell sap have only small vacuoles
often have starch grains never have starch grains; sometimes have
glycogen granules
often regular in shape often irregular in shape
MRS GREN
Movement – an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place
Respiration – the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for
metabolism
Sensitivity – the ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external environment and to make
appropriate responses
Growth – a permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both
Reproduction - the process of producing offspring that are biologically or genetically similar to the
parent organism
Excretion – removal from organisms of the waste products of metabolism (chemical reactions in cells
including respiration), toxic materials and substances in excess of requirements
Nutrition – taking in of materials for energy, growth and development; plants require light, carbon
dioxide, water and ions; animals need organic compounds and ions and usually need water
Classification means putting things into groups by their anatomy, morphology and DNA
species – a group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring
binomial system – an internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of two
parts showing the genus and species
CELLS
“A cell is defined as the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life's processes.”
, biology
A ribosome is a cellular particle made of RNA and protein that serves as the site for protein synthesis in
the cell.
Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of messenger RNA molecules to form
polypeptide chains
instructions carried on the DNA in the cell’s nucleus
Mitochondria are found in almost all cells, except those of prokaryotes.
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell. Inside them, oxygen is used to release energy from glucose, in the
process called aerobic respiration.
cells that use a lot of energy have a lot of mitochondria.
granules of a carbohydrate called glycogen. This is similar to starch. (Starch is never found in animal cells – they
store glycogen instead.) Glycogen is a reserve fuel. When required, it can be broken down to glucose, to be used
as a fuel by the mitochondria in the liver cell, or transported in the blood to other cells that need it.
1km = 1000m μm = micrometer
1m = 100cm
1cm = 10mm M=magnification
1mm = 1000 μm I = drawing image
1 μm = 1000nm A=actual image
PLANT CELLS ANIMALS CELLS
have a cellulose cell wall outside the cell have no cell wall
membrane
have a cell membrane have a cell membrane
have cytoplasm have cytoplasm
have a nucleus have a nucleus
often have chloroplasts containing chlorophyll have no chloroplasts
often have large vacuoles containing cell sap have only small vacuoles
often have starch grains never have starch grains; sometimes have
glycogen granules
often regular in shape often irregular in shape
