NLN PAX SCIENCE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2022 RATED A

NLN PAX SCIENCE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2022 RATED A autotrophs organisms that produce their own food from inorganic substances (plants) heterotrophs obtain their food from consuming other plants and animals primary consumers omnivores and herbivores secondary consumers carnivores tertiary consumers carnivores that eat other carnivores decomposers bacteria and fungi biotic living parts of the ecosystem abiotic nonliving influences (temperature, humidity, soil) photosynthesis carbon dioxide + water + light energy -> carbohydrates + oxygen angiosperms responsible for reproduction structure of a flower segregation codominance when traits do not show a pattern of dominance and there are a mixture of two traits how many chromosomes do humans have? 46 chromosomes what are nucleotides composed of? phosphate, deoxyribose, and a nitrogenous base How does RNA differ from DNA? it is single stranded, has the sugar ribose in place of deoxyribose, and replaces thymine with uracil what are the common stains used on specimens? lugol's solution, methylene blue, and wright's stain independent variable (x- axis) changed by the experimenter what enzyme is found in saliva? amylase amylase breaks down starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules what is gastric juice made up of? hydrochloric acid and proteases what is the pH of the stomach? 2 where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients occur in the body? small intestine what enzymes help carbohydrates turn into glucose? amylase, sucrase, and maltase what are the 4 chambers of the heart? left and right atrium and left and right ventricles what is the first step in blood flow through the heart? blood enters the right atrium from the veins called superior vena cava and inferior vena cava what is the purpose of valves in the heart? to prevent back flow when the ventricles contract what is the last step in blood flow through the heart? the aorta when the heart contracts, the pressure ________ increases (systole) when the heart relaxes, the pressure _______ lowers (diastole) Is blood considered a connective tissue? yes what is an oxygen carrier in the RBC? hemoglobin what happens when the number of WBCs exceeds the normal concentration? infection what blood vessel transports blood away from the heart? arteries what blood vessel transports blood to the heart? veins (T/F) deoxygenated blood arrives at the lung via the pulmonary arteries true what is produced during anaerobic respiration and causes sore muscles after exercise? lactic acid what are the 3 types of neurons? sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons sensory neurons transmit impulses from sense organs and receptors interneurons make up the brain ad spinal cord motor neurons carry impulses from interneurons to skeletal and visceral muscles and glands which part of the brain is responsible for muscular coordination and balance? cerebellum where can you find ball- and- socket joints in the body? hips and shoulders where can you find hinge joints in the body? elbows and knees osteoarthritis a degenerative bone and joint disea