CARD BCAT Pre-test
What are the 4 Types of Reinforcement Correct Answer: 1) Social positive
2)Automatic Positive
3) Social Negative
4)Automatic Negative
Positive Reinforcement Correct Answer: Something good is added to the environment to increase the
future frequency of a behavior
Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus
that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.
Social positive (Positive Reinforcement) Correct Answer: Getting attention or access to something
(E.g. attention, praise, tangibles)
A positive interpersonal stimulus like verbal praise, smile, touch or a sign of approval. Compare social
punishment.
Automatic Positive (Positive Reinforcement) Correct Answer: Stimulating the sense
(E.g. Sensory Stimulation)
Self- Stimulatory behavior
These behaviors are not dependent upon social interaction or receiving a tangible item...the behavior
itself is reinforcing to the learner.
EXAMPLE: The behavior itself is reinforcing to the learner. Just think about when you get a mosquito bite
and it begins to itch. You don't need someone to give you a sip of juice, or to clap and say "Yay!", in
order to enjoy the scratching. Scratching the bite serves as its own reinforcement. So in the future if you
get bit by a bug again, you are likely to scratch that bite again.
Social Negative Reinforcement Correct Answer: Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative
stimuli, such as shock. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response,
strengthens the response. (Note: negative reinforcement is not punishment.)
Automatic Negative (Negative Reinforcement) Correct Answer: occurs when a behavior terminates an
aversive stimulus directly and the behavior is strengthened. The aversive stimulus is NOT terminated by
another individual.
occurs when a person gets away from something or avoids something as a result of their own behavior
(Self Rewarding)
Consequence Manipulation Correct Answer: * Provides reinforcers for the desirable behavior
* Eliminates reinforcers for the undesirable behaviors
* Eliminates punishers for the desirable behavior
, * Provides punishers for the undesirable behaviors
* Use skills training procedures to teach desirable behaviors
Types of Consequence Manipulations Correct Answer: Extinction
Planned Ignoring
Deny Access to Tangible
Response Blocking/Redirection
Response Cost
Overcorrection
Time out
Extinction Correct Answer: The withholding of previously occurring reinforcement upon a behavior
*The behavior no longer results in the maintaining reinforcement
*The behavior decreases as a result
What are the 4 types of Extinction Correct Answer: 1) Escape Extinction
2)Tangible Extinction
3) Attention Extinction (Planned Ignoring)
4) Sensory Extinction / Response Interruption / Redirection
Escape Extinction Correct Answer: Preventing the individual to escape or delay a task as a result of the
behavior.
Tangible Extinction Correct Answer: Withholding access to a desired item or activity that had previously
been given as a consequence of the behavior
Attention Extinction (Planned Ignoring) Correct Answer: Withholding attention (positive and/or
negative) that had been previously given as a result of the behavior
Sensory Extinction / Response Interruption / Redirection Correct Answer: A procedure involving the
interruption of a problem behavior and immediate redirection to a high probability behavior
*The problem behavior is interrupted and then the individual is redirected to easy or preferred activities
*Often used to reduce stereotypy
Response Blocking Correct Answer: A procedure involving physical intervention by the instructor to
interrupt and prevent the problem behavior when it occurs.
*used when a behavior is physically harmful to oneself or others, but may be used for other behaviors
*often used for sensory maintained behaviors
*Response blocking should always involve the LEAST amount of physical contact necessary to block the
behavior
*Should only be used when the program supervisor/BCBA has instructed to do so
*Used to address self-injurious behavior
Time Out Correct Answer: Removal of access to reinforcement for a specified period of time contingent
on the problem behavior.
What are the 4 Types of Reinforcement Correct Answer: 1) Social positive
2)Automatic Positive
3) Social Negative
4)Automatic Negative
Positive Reinforcement Correct Answer: Something good is added to the environment to increase the
future frequency of a behavior
Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus
that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.
Social positive (Positive Reinforcement) Correct Answer: Getting attention or access to something
(E.g. attention, praise, tangibles)
A positive interpersonal stimulus like verbal praise, smile, touch or a sign of approval. Compare social
punishment.
Automatic Positive (Positive Reinforcement) Correct Answer: Stimulating the sense
(E.g. Sensory Stimulation)
Self- Stimulatory behavior
These behaviors are not dependent upon social interaction or receiving a tangible item...the behavior
itself is reinforcing to the learner.
EXAMPLE: The behavior itself is reinforcing to the learner. Just think about when you get a mosquito bite
and it begins to itch. You don't need someone to give you a sip of juice, or to clap and say "Yay!", in
order to enjoy the scratching. Scratching the bite serves as its own reinforcement. So in the future if you
get bit by a bug again, you are likely to scratch that bite again.
Social Negative Reinforcement Correct Answer: Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative
stimuli, such as shock. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response,
strengthens the response. (Note: negative reinforcement is not punishment.)
Automatic Negative (Negative Reinforcement) Correct Answer: occurs when a behavior terminates an
aversive stimulus directly and the behavior is strengthened. The aversive stimulus is NOT terminated by
another individual.
occurs when a person gets away from something or avoids something as a result of their own behavior
(Self Rewarding)
Consequence Manipulation Correct Answer: * Provides reinforcers for the desirable behavior
* Eliminates reinforcers for the undesirable behaviors
* Eliminates punishers for the desirable behavior
, * Provides punishers for the undesirable behaviors
* Use skills training procedures to teach desirable behaviors
Types of Consequence Manipulations Correct Answer: Extinction
Planned Ignoring
Deny Access to Tangible
Response Blocking/Redirection
Response Cost
Overcorrection
Time out
Extinction Correct Answer: The withholding of previously occurring reinforcement upon a behavior
*The behavior no longer results in the maintaining reinforcement
*The behavior decreases as a result
What are the 4 types of Extinction Correct Answer: 1) Escape Extinction
2)Tangible Extinction
3) Attention Extinction (Planned Ignoring)
4) Sensory Extinction / Response Interruption / Redirection
Escape Extinction Correct Answer: Preventing the individual to escape or delay a task as a result of the
behavior.
Tangible Extinction Correct Answer: Withholding access to a desired item or activity that had previously
been given as a consequence of the behavior
Attention Extinction (Planned Ignoring) Correct Answer: Withholding attention (positive and/or
negative) that had been previously given as a result of the behavior
Sensory Extinction / Response Interruption / Redirection Correct Answer: A procedure involving the
interruption of a problem behavior and immediate redirection to a high probability behavior
*The problem behavior is interrupted and then the individual is redirected to easy or preferred activities
*Often used to reduce stereotypy
Response Blocking Correct Answer: A procedure involving physical intervention by the instructor to
interrupt and prevent the problem behavior when it occurs.
*used when a behavior is physically harmful to oneself or others, but may be used for other behaviors
*often used for sensory maintained behaviors
*Response blocking should always involve the LEAST amount of physical contact necessary to block the
behavior
*Should only be used when the program supervisor/BCBA has instructed to do so
*Used to address self-injurious behavior
Time Out Correct Answer: Removal of access to reinforcement for a specified period of time contingent
on the problem behavior.
