PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
•
C- ✗ bonds polar bonds and the polarity decreases down the
are
group
.
,
C- CI C Br C- I is in order of increasing boiling point
•
-
.
, ,
↳ iodine has molecules , London
more so forces are
stronger .
halogens alkanes soluble ethanol than it is in water because
•
are more
they are both largely non -
polar , so will dissolve each other .
Water is very polar , so it is not energetically favourable .
the dipole which exists in halo electron deficient
◦
gene alkanes creates an
carbon ( polarity pulls electrons to halogens ).
. Makes it very likely to be
attacked by nucleophiles .
NUCLEOPHILES →
atoms / molecules which donate a lone pair of
electrons to form a covalent bond with an
electron -
deficient atom .
•
C- ✗ bonds polar bonds and the polarity decreases down the
are
group
.
,
C- CI C Br C- I is in order of increasing boiling point
•
-
.
, ,
↳ iodine has molecules , London
more so forces are
stronger .
halogens alkanes soluble ethanol than it is in water because
•
are more
they are both largely non -
polar , so will dissolve each other .
Water is very polar , so it is not energetically favourable .
the dipole which exists in halo electron deficient
◦
gene alkanes creates an
carbon ( polarity pulls electrons to halogens ).
. Makes it very likely to be
attacked by nucleophiles .
NUCLEOPHILES →
atoms / molecules which donate a lone pair of
electrons to form a covalent bond with an
electron -
deficient atom .
