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Samenvatting Anatomie H11

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Anatomie hoofdstuk 11

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Anatomie: Het cardiovasculair
stelsel – het bloed
1. De functies van bloed
Bloed vormt een systeem voor snel transport in het lichaam van:
- Voedingsstoffen
- Hormonen
- Afvalstoffen
- Ademhalingsgassen
- Cellen
- Warmte
Functies van bloed zijn:
- Transport van cellen en stoffen
- Reguleren van de pH en ionensamenstelling van interstitiële vloeistoffen
- Beperken van bloedverlies vanuit beschadigde bloedvaten
- Verdediging tegen ziekteverwekkers, gifstoffen
- Absorptie en verdeling van warmte als onderdeel van de
temperatuurregeling



2. De samenstelling van bloed
Afname en analyse van bloed
Volbloed kan worden gefractioneerd in:
- Plasma (vloeibaar bestanddeel)
- Vaste bloedbestanddelen (celbestanddelen)
o Rode bloedcellen = erytrocyten > O2 en CO2
o Witte bloedcellen = leukocyten > afweer
o Bloedplaatjes = thromocyten > bloedstolling

Man: 5 tot 6L en vrouw: 4 tot 5L
Hemopoëse = hematopoëse = bloedvorming
Twee groepen stamcellen (=cellen die zich delen en rijpen, waaruit de vaste
bloedbestanddelen ontstaan)
- Myëloïde stamcellen
- Lymfoïde stamcellen




3. Plasma
Plasma basisgegevens:

, - Vormt ongeveer 55% van vol bloed
- Circa 92% van het plasma bestaat uit water
- Bevat meer eiwit en zuurstof dan interstitiële vloeistof
- Er zijn drie groepen plasma-eiwitten (7%)
o Albuminen
o Globulinen
o Fibrinogeen




4. Vaste bloedbestanddelen
A. Rode bloedcellen (RBC)
Worden ook erytrocyten genoemd

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