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Biology Notes Form 1( With Questions and Answers) Latest 2021/2022.

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Biology Notes Form 1( With Questions and Answers) Latest 2021/2022. Introduction To Biology • Biology derived from Greek words - BIOS meaning LIFE and LOGOS meaning STUDY or KNOWLEDGE • Biology means "life knowledge" • It is the study of living things/organisms Branches of Biology • Botany - study of plants • Zoology - study of animals • Microbiology - study' of microscopic organisms • Morphology - study of external structure of organisms • Anatomy - study of internal structure of organisms • Physiology - study of the functioning or working of the cells or body • Biochemistry - study of the chemistry of materials in living organisms • Cytology - study of cells • Genetics - study of inheritance • Ecology- study of the relationship between organisms and their environment • Taxonomy - sorting out of organisms into groups • Histology - study of fine structure of tissues • Virology - study of viruses • Bacteriology - study of bacteria • Entomology - study of insects • Ichthyology - study of fish 4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF Importance of Biology • One learns about the functioning of the human body • One understands the developmental changes that take place in the body • It contributes immensely to improved life • It enables one to enter careers such as: Medicine, Nutrition, Public Health, Dentistry, Agriculture Environmental Studies Teaching Characteristics of Living Things Life defined through observations of activities carried out by living things; Nutrition Nutrition is the processes by which food/nutrients are acquired/made and utilized by living organisms Green plants and certain bacteria make their own food All other organisms feed on complex organic materials Respiration This is the breakdown of food to provide energy The energy released is used for various activities in the organism • Gaseous Exchange – Process throw which respiratory gases(CO2&O2) are taken in and out through a respiratory surface Excretion Excretion is the removal of metabolic wastes from the body Substances like urea, carbon dioxide (Carbon (IV) oxide) These substances are poisonous if allowed to accumulate in the body Growth and Development 4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF Growth means irreversible change in size All organisms increase in size that is, they grow Development is irreversible change in complexity As they do so, they also become differentiated in form • Reproduction-Reproduction is the formation of new individuals of a species to ensure continued existence of a species and growth of its population Irritability The ability of organisms to detect and respond to changes in the environment This is of great survival value to the organism Movement Is the progressive change in position from one place to another Some organisms are sessile (ie fixed to the substratum) The majority of plants move only certain parts Collection and Observation of Organisms Biology as a practical subject is learnt through humane handling of organisms Materials needed for collection of organisms • Knives to cut portions of plant stem/root or uproot • Polythene bags to put the collected plant or specimens • Insect collecting jars • Insect killing jars • Hand gloves • Sweep nets • Pooters • Traps Observation of Organisms • Observe the plant/animal in its natural habitat before collecting • Identify the exact place -on surface, under rock, on tree trunk, on branches • What does it feed on? 4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF • How does it interact with other animals and the environment? • How many of that kind of plant or animal are in a particular place? • Plant specimens placed on the bench and sorted out into;- seeds/stems/roots/leaves/fruits • Animal specimens may be left inside polythene bags if transparent • Others (killed ones) are put in petri¬ dishes • Use hand lens to observe the external features of small animals Presenting the Results of Observations • Organisms are observed and important features noted down: colour, texture ¬hard or soft; if hairy or not Size is measured or estimated • Biological Drawings - It is necessary to draw some of the organisms • In making a biological drawing, magnification (enlargement) is noted • Indicate the magnification of your drawing • ie how many times the drawing is larger/smaller than the actual specimen MG=length of drawing/length specimen How to Draw How does it interact with other animals and the environment • Several drawings of one organism may be necessary to represent all features observed, eg • Anterior view of grasshopper shows all mouth parts properly, but not all limbs • Lateral (side) view shows all the legs Collection, Observation and Recording of Organisms Collection • Plants and animals collected from the environment, near school or within school compound using nets, bottles and gloves • Animals collected include:-arthropods, earthworms and small vertebrates like lizards/chameleons/ rodents 4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF • Place in polythene bags and take to the laboratory • Stinging/poisonous insects killed using ether • Other animals are observed live and returned to their natural habitat • Plant specimen collected include:- leaves, flowers and whole plants • Observations are made to show the following:- Plants have roots, stems, leaves and flowers Animals have legs, hair, hard outer covering, feathers, eyes, mouth, limbs and other appendages, The differences between animals and plants collected Comparison Between Plants And Animals Classification I Introduction • Classification is putting organisms into groups • Classification is based on the study of external characteristics of organisms • It involves detailed observation of structure and functions of organisms • Organisms with similar characteristics are put in one group • Differences in structure are used to distinguish one group from another • The magnifying lens is an instrument that assists in the observation of fine structure eg hairs by enlarging them.

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4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF




Home
Contact Us Biology Notes Form 1
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About Us
International Scholarships.
By the end of form one work, the learner should
Link to Us!
be able to:
Site Search
What is New? Define Biology
Volunteer in Africa List the branches of Biology
Volunteer in Kenya
Explain the importance of Biology
Medical Electives
State and explain some of the characteristics of
Kenya Jobs
organisms
Submit Article
State and explain some of the general
Internships
characteristics of organisms
Scholarships Grants
Explain the external features of plants and animals
Undergraduate
Write down the difference between plants and
Call for Proposals
animals
KUCCPS
Define classification
KCSE Notes
KCSE Past Papers Use the magnifying lens to observe the external
features of plants/ animals
Free Record observations of the main external features
Scholarship
of plant leaf form
Newsletter ---
E-mail Draw different types of leaf forms
Address Observe, record and draw the main external
features of plants
First Name
Observe ,record and draw the main external
features of animals
Then
Subscribe
State the necessity and significance of
Don't worry —
classification
your e-mail Name the major units of classification
address is totally
Name the five kingdoms of living things
secure.
I promise to use it List the taxonomic units in plant and animal
only to send you kingdoms
Advance Africa Classify maize and human beings
Newsletter.
Define Binomial nomenclature
State the principles of Binomial nomenclature In
naming organisms
Use collecting nets, cutting instructions
instruments and hand lens
Preserve collected specimen
Observe and group collected and preserved
specimen according to their similarities


https://www.advance-africa.com/Biology-Notes-Form-1.html 1/95

,4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF

Define a cell
Draw and label the light microscope
Identify parts of the light microscope and state
their functions
Describe how to care for a light microscope
Describe how a light microscope is used
Draw and label plant and animal cells as seen
under a light microscope
Calculate the magnification of objects as seen
under a light microscope
Observe a prepared slide under a light microscope
Prepare temporary slide of onion epidermis and
observe it under a light microscope
Draw and label plant and animal cells as seen
under electron microscope
Describe the structure and function of the cell •
Cell wall • Cell membrane • Cytoplasm
Describe the structure and function of the cell
organelles
Estimate the size of a cell as seen in the field of
view of a microscope
Write down the differences between plants and
animal cells
Write down similarities between plant and animal
cells
List down specialized plant and animal cells
State the modifications and functions of specialized
cells
Define tissues, organs and organ systems
Give examples of tissues organs and organ systems
Define the term cell physiology
Describe the structure and properties of cell
membrane
Define diffusion
Carry out experiments to demonstrate

• diffusion in liquids

• diffusion in gasses

Explain the factors affecting diffusion
Explain the role of diffusion in living things
Define osmosis
Describe movement of water molecules across
semi-permeable membrane
define and describe the terms used in the study of
osmosis such as:

• Osmotic pressure

https://www.advance-africa.com/Biology-Notes-Form-1.html 2/95

,4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF

• Osmotic potential

• Isotonic solution

• Hypertonic solution

• Hypotonic solution

• Turgor pressure

• Hemolysis

• Wall pressure

• Plasmolysis

• Deplasmolysis

carry out an experiment on selective permeability
of membrane
State factors affecting osmosis
Explain the role of osmosis in organisms
Explain the factors affecting osmosis
Describe what happens when a plant cell is placed
in a hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic solution
Carry out an experiment to show plasmolysis in
epidermal cells of an onion bulb
Describe osmosis of animal cells in a hypertonic
solution
List down factors affecting active transport
Define active transport
Define the role of active transport in living things
Define nutrition
Write down the importance of nutrition
List down the modes of feeding in organisms
Draw and label the external structure of a leaf
Draw and label the internal structure of the leaf
Name the parts of a leaf
State the functions of the parts of a leaf
Define photosynthesis
Draw and label the chloroplast
Describe the process of photosynthesis
List down the importance of photosynthesis
Explain some of the factors influencing
photosynthesis
Explain the factors affecting photosynthesis
Explain how the leaf is adapted to the process of
photosynthesis
Test the presence of starch in a green leaf
Investigate whether chlorophyll is necessary for
photosynthesis
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, 4/27/2020 Biology Notes Form 1 PDF | Biology Form 1 Questions and Answers PDF

Investigate whether light is necessary for
photosynthesis
carry out an experiment to investigate whether

• Carbon (IV) oxide is necessary for photosynthesis

• Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis

Define Chemicals of life
List down types of carbohydrates
Write down properties and functions of
monosaccharaides
Define disaccharides
List properties and functions of disaccharides
Define hydrolysis and condensation
Define polysaccharides and lipids
Write down the properties of polysaccharides and
lipids
carry out tests on

• Starch

• Reducing sugars

• Non-reducing sugar

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Vitamin c

Write down the properties and functions of proteins
Distinguish between carbohydrates, proteins and
lipids
Define enzymes
Write down the properties and functions of
enzymes
Know the naming of the enzymes and their
substrates
Explain the importance of enzymes

carry out an experiment on

• Effect of temperature on enzymes

• Effects of enzyme concentration on the rate of a
reaction

• Effect of PH on enzyme activities

Define hetetrophism
List down the different modes of heterotrophism
and describe them
Define dentition


https://www.advance-africa.com/Biology-Notes-Form-1.html 4/95

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