PORTAGE LEARNING CHEM 210 TEST 8. | 2021 EXAM

PORTAGE LEARNING CHEM 210 TEST 8. | 2021 EXAMTest 8 CORRECT ANSWERS IN RED Question 1 True or False: The majority of reactions of the urea cycle occur in the mitochondrial matrix. True False Question 2 True or False: FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP molecules after donating electrons and hydrogen atoms to the electron transfer chain (ETC). Correct! True False Question 3 True or False: GTP is invested in the urea cycle. True Correct! False Question 4 True or False: There are five complexes associated with the ETC. True False Question 5 True or False: In the production of ATP via ATP synthase, the H+ ions move from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space.True False Question 6 The urea cycle involves reactions (only those in the cyclic portion of the process). Correct! 4 5 6 8 10 Question 7 Which amino acids are involved in the urea cycle? A. Arginine B. Aspartate C. Threonine D. Both A and C E. Both A and B Question 8 Fumarate is converted to for it to reenter the mitochondrion. You Answered Ornithine Citrulline Malate Fumarase AmmoniaQuestion 9 Urea is useful for excreting nitrogen from cells due to its: Ability to hydrogen bond with water Ability to form ions Large size Low melting point None of these Question 10 Which component of the urea cycle is also a member of the CAC? Fumarate Malate Acetyl-CoA Citrate None of the above Question 11 Deamination of an amino acid results in a carbon skeleton and in the production of . A. NH2 B. NH C. NO2 D. NH3 E. NH4+ A B C DE Question 12 The following chemical species is . Ammonium Fumarate Arginine Argininosuccinate Urea Question 13 NADH donates electrons and H+ to complex . I II III IV V Question 14 Which of the ETC complexes do pump H+ ions? Complex I Complex III Complex IV All of the above None of the above Question 15 What protein shuttles electrons from Complex III to Complex IV?NADH dehydrogenase Cytochrome C Fumarase Cytochrome B None of the above Question 16 What molecule accepts electrons and H+ ions from complexes I and II and transfers them to complex III? NADH FAD Cytochrome C Cytochrome B CoQ Question 17 In what portion of the mitochondrion is the ETC located? Matrix Intermembrane space Inner membrane Outer membrane Both B and C Question 18 At which complex does the following reaction take place? NADH + H+ + CoQ NAD+ + CoQH2 Complex I Complex IIComplex III Complex IV Both A and B Question 19 During the electron transport chain, protons are pumped from in the mitochondria. From the intermembrane space to the cytosol From the intermembrane space to the matrix From the matrix to the intermembrane space From outside of the cell to the cytosol From outside of the cell to the matrix Question 20 Energy released is utilized for the synthesis of ATP. In the formation of ATP In the digestion of proteins through the breakdown into the carbon skeleton In the degradation of carbohydrates As proton flow through ATP synthase None of the above At which part of ATP synthase is ATP produced? A. FO B. F1 C. F2D. Stator E. Both A and C A B C D E Question 22 An individual with the MERRF disease, tend to have symptoms of . Blood pressure issues Headaches Degenerated nerve cells Red eyes None of the above Question 23 In mitochondria, the complex that produces ATP is located in the . A. Intermembrane space B. Outer membrane C. Inner membrane D. Both A and B E. Both B and C Question 24 What process results in ATP formation? A. H2O in ATP synthaseB. GTP is produced first C. Heat applied to ATP synthase D. Rotation of ATP synthase E. None of the above A B C D E Question 25 Which of the following is not a part of ATP synthase? A. FO B. F1 C. F2 D. Axle E. Stator A B C D E Question 26 4 / 5 pts (Fill in the blanks) Use the word bank to fill in the following blanks. In the word bank, each word or words is separated by semicolons. Words can be used more than once, and not all words will be used.Word bank: ADP and Pi; ATP; GTP; oxidative; reductive; citric acid cycle; electron transport chain; three; eight; ten The (A) produces NADH and FADH2 which can then be used to produce (B) . Oxidative phosphorylation is the synthesis of (C) from (D) , using energy generated by the oxidative reactions during the (E) . A) citric acid cycle B) ATP C) ATP D) ADP and Pi E) electron transport chain Question 27 According to the chemiosmotic theory, how is the ETC connected to ATP production? Explain in at least four complete sentences. The chemical reactions of the ETC provide energy to pump H+ ions from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space. The reactions also provide electrons and H+ to convert oxygen into water. The net result is that the H+ gradients permit a flow H+ to rotation ATP synthase, producing ATP. Question 28 Consider the importance of the mitochondria in energy production. A. What structural features of mitochondria support ATP formation? And B. Where are the complexes of the ETC located in Mitochondria?Explain in at least four complete sentences. This organelle is the central hub of energy production in the cell and has a complicated structure, including two membranes. The mitochondrion has an outer membrane and an inner membrane. The outer membrane is a bilayer with porin proteins that permit ions and molecules to cross into the intermembrane space. The intermembrane space is the solution between the outer and inner membranes. The inner membrane is a highly selective bilayer permitting only select ions and molecules to cross. The selectivity is crucial for maintaining specific concentrations of H+, ATP, and other species in the mitochondrial matrix. The inner membrane also contains the electron transport chain's protein complexes, which accepts the electrons from the coenzymes. The matrix is the innermost space of mitochondrion, where the citric acid cycle occurs along portions of fatty acid oxidation and the urea cycle. Once the NADH and FADH2 are produced by the citric acid cycle, they are in proximity to the electron transport chain, so that donation of electrons and hydrogen ions is efficient.