PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 Final Exam

Final Exam- Requires Respondus LockDown Browser Score for this quiz: 190.5 out of 200 Submitted Apr 8 at 4:46pm This attempt took 99 minutes. Question 1 2.5 / 2.5 pts True/False: Metaplastic cells are not better prepared to survive under stressful circumstances. True Correct! False Question 2 2.5 / 2.5 pts True/False: Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions. Correct! True False Question 3 2.5 / 2.5 pts Multiple Choice Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 FINAL EXAM Correct! It is involved in cellular respiration They are found far from the site of energy consumption Correct! They play a role in apoptosis They control free radicals Question 4 2.5 / 2.5 pts Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. Correct! Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within The main structural component is made of proteins Correct! Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells Correct! Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation Question 5 10 / 10 pts Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. Your Answer: Dry gangrene occurs when blood supply is slowly reduced to an area. The area is dehydrated and becomes dark or black in color. Commonly seen in patients with diabetes. It is not very painful, but tissues eventually die. Wet gangrene is casued with a sudden reduction in blood flow. The area is cold and swollen, with no pulse. This can occur from trauma. Bacteria is involved and is very painful. It has the appearance of pus, becasue it looks wet. There is also a foul smell. In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid. Question 6 2.5 / 2.5 pts True/False: Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized cell types. True Correct! False False, cell differentiation Question 7 2.5 / 2.5 pts True/False: Cell differentiation is the process of increasing cell numbers by mitotic cell division. True Correct! False False, cell proliferation Question 8 2.5 / 2.5 pts What are two important properties that stem cells possess? Your Answer: Stem cells possess potency and self-renewal. Potency and self-renewal Question 9 2.5 / 2.5 pts These are cells of the same lineage that have not yet differentiated to the extent that they have lost their ability to divide: Your Answer: progenitor or parent cells progenitor or parent cells Question 10 10 / 10 pts 1. ______ is a systemic treatment that enables drugs to reach the site of the tumor as well as other distant sites. 2. The profound weight loss and wasting of fat and tissue that accompany cancer is known as _______. Your Answer: 1. chemotherapy 2. cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome 1. chemotherapy 2. cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome Question 11 5 / 5 pts Short answer Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. Your Answer: There are about 80 autoimmune disorders identified, with many overlapping presentations. Blood tests can be more generic and results are imprecise. Markers can be elevated in the presecence of other diseases. There are over 80 identified, many with overlapping presentations. Many manifestations are nonspecific and are seen in other non-autoimmune diseases. Blood testing isn’t perfect either, as some tests are more generic and can be elevated in the presence of other diseases. Question 12 2.5 / 2.5 pts True/False: The T cells that display the host’s MHC antigens and T-cell receptors for a nonself-antigen are allowed to mature, a process termed negative selection. True Correct! False Question 13 2.5 / 2.5 pts Multiple Choice: Which lab value will typically be increased in a viral infection?