VTNE Practice Questions and Answers Latest 2022;
(Answered) A+ Guarantee
An animal that is dehydrated before surgery may require a _____ because _____ of the
cell volume occurs after rehydration.
a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
b) blood/plasma transfusion; hemoconcentration
c) splenectomy; hemoconcentration
d) splenectomy; sequestration
a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
Rehydration may necessitate a blood or plasma transfusion because dilution of the
blood cell volume occurs with rehydration.
Platelets in mammals:
a) appear within RBC agglutinations in cases of hemolytic anemia.
b ) do not have nuclei.
c) appear as microfilaria in a Wright-stain smear.
d) are too small to be detected, even clumped, on the feathered edge of a blood smear.
b) Do not have a nuclei
In mammals, platelets are nonnucleated fragments of cytoplasm released from
megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.
Fleas are:
a) endoparasites.
b)pseudoparasites.
c) periodic parasites.
d) ectoparasties
Ectoparasites
Parasites are divided into two large groups: endoparasites (internal parasites), which
include nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, protozoa, and acanthocephalans; and
ectoparasites (external parasites), which include fleas.
Actinobacillosis is usually treated with antibiotics, an antiinflammatory drug, and
intravenous administration of:
a) sodium iodide.
b) penicillin
c) dexamethasone.
d) oxytetracycline.
a) sodium iodide.
,Actinobacillosis (wooden tongue) is diagnosed by oral examination and biopsy, with
isolation of the organism. It is treated with sodium iodide and antibiotics, as well as
antiinflammatory drugs.
In the infection process, a reservoir refers to:
a) transmission of infection by direct contact with skin, secretions, excretions, or
mucous membranes of an infected animal.
b) the portal of entry by which the pathogen gains entry into a new host.
c) a pathogen's mode of transmission.
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive.
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive.
A reservoir can be an animal, insect, or fomite (an inanimate substance or object such
as water, a bowl, a cage, clipper blades, an instrument, a towel, or scrubs) in or on
which a pathogen can survive
Treatment for galactostasis:
a) is indicated during the first 1 to 3 weeks of the postpartum period.
b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production and
inflammation, using warm compresses.
c)focuses on treating the inflammation and massaging the affected mammary gland.
d) involves a decrease in milk production, coupled with cold compresses to reduce ever.
b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production and
inflammation, using warm compresses.
Treatment is begun if galactostasis occurs during the weaning period and focuses on
decreasing milk production (reducing food and water intake and preventing nursing) and
decreasing inflammation with gentle application of warm compresses.
An allergic disease associated with airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and
excessive mucous production is:
a) influenza.
b) herpes.
c) recurrent airway obstruction.
d)viral arteritis.
c) recurrent airway obstruction
Heaves, or recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), is an allergic airway disease caused by
airway inflammation, narrowing of small airways (bronchoconstriction), and excessive
mucus production.
The analgesic effect of NSAIDs is due to:
a) interaction with receptors in the central nervous system.
b) interaction with specific opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord.
,c) interaction with histamine receptors.
d)modification of the inflammatory response.
modification of the inflammatory response.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide analgesia by modifying the
inflammatory response.
A 10% concentration of solution contains _____ of a dug per _____ of solution.
a) 1 g; 100 ml
b)1 mg; 10 ml
c) 10 mL; 100 mL
d)100 g; 100 ml
c) 10 mL; 100 mL
Percent solutions can be expressed as vol/vol, meaning the number of milliliters (mL) of
a drug in 100 mL of solution. For example, a 10% solution (vol/vol) solution contains 10
mL of a drug in 100 mL of solution.
Cushing syndrome, or _____, primarily affects dogs and is characterized by _____.
a)hypothyroidism; an underactive thyroid, resulting in subnormal circulating levels of the
thyroid hormones, which causes a subsequent decrease in the metabolic rate
b) diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); the presence of ketones in the urine
c) hypoadrenocorticism; inadequate secretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids,
primarily cortisol and aldosterone
d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol produced by the adrenal
cortex
d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol produced by the adrenal
cortex
Hyperadrenocorticism, or Cushing syndrome, is a disease that primarily affects dogs
and is characterized by elevated circulating levels of cortisol (hypercortisolemia)
produced by the adrenal cortex.
Which drugs can be administered safely via the endotracheal route?
a)Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine, naloxone, vasopressin
b) Dopamine, epinephrine
c) Corticosteroids, atropine, vasopressin
d) Epinephrine, naloxone only
a ) Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine, naloxone, vasopressin
Drugs that are safe to administer through an endotracheal tube are easily remembered
by the acronym NAVEL (naloxone, atropine, vasopressin, epinephrine, lidocaine).
Two tests that can evaluate the intrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation
cascade are the activated clotting time (ACT) and the _____, which measures the time
it takes for the primary platelet plug to form.
, a) bleeding time
b) CPPT
c) hemostasis
d) PT
a) bleeding time
Using laboratory testing, the coagulation cascade can be divided into two pathways that
result in formation of thrombin, the "intrinsic" and "extrinsic" pathways. Two tests that
can be performed in house are the bleeding time and the activated clotting time (ACT).
The bleeding time measures the time it takes for the primary platelet plug to form.
Artie, a Pekinese, has begun losing weight and experiences some anorexia. He is
frequently suddenly exhausted. Tests indicate that Artie has _____, or disease of the
heart muscle.
a) cardiovascular disease
b) cardiomuscular disease
c) cardiomyopathy
d) congestive heart failure
c) cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy is a disease (-pathy) of the heart (cardi/o) muscle (my/o)
In a blood smear, oxidative damage results in __________, which are RBCs in which
the hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell, creating a clear area outlined by a
thin rim of membrane.
a) keratocytes
b) eccentrocytes
c) spherocytes
d) acanthocytes
b) eccentrocytes
Eccentrocytes are RBCs in which the hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell,
creating a clear area outlined by a thin rim of membrane.
Hepatic encephalopathy can be caused by:
a) the presence of trypsin in the liver and pancreas, causing autodigestion.
b) persistent endoparasites, ulcerations, neoplasms, or coagulopathies.
c) complications of pancreatitis.
d) exposure of the brain to gastrointestinal (GI) toxins as a consequence of decreased
liver function or portosystemic shunts.
d) exposure of the brain to gastrointestinal (GI) toxins as a consequence of decreased
liver function or portosystemic shunts.
Hepatic encephalopathy results when the brain is exposed to GI toxins, such as
ammonia, as a consequence of decreased liver function or the presence of
(Answered) A+ Guarantee
An animal that is dehydrated before surgery may require a _____ because _____ of the
cell volume occurs after rehydration.
a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
b) blood/plasma transfusion; hemoconcentration
c) splenectomy; hemoconcentration
d) splenectomy; sequestration
a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
Rehydration may necessitate a blood or plasma transfusion because dilution of the
blood cell volume occurs with rehydration.
Platelets in mammals:
a) appear within RBC agglutinations in cases of hemolytic anemia.
b ) do not have nuclei.
c) appear as microfilaria in a Wright-stain smear.
d) are too small to be detected, even clumped, on the feathered edge of a blood smear.
b) Do not have a nuclei
In mammals, platelets are nonnucleated fragments of cytoplasm released from
megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.
Fleas are:
a) endoparasites.
b)pseudoparasites.
c) periodic parasites.
d) ectoparasties
Ectoparasites
Parasites are divided into two large groups: endoparasites (internal parasites), which
include nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, protozoa, and acanthocephalans; and
ectoparasites (external parasites), which include fleas.
Actinobacillosis is usually treated with antibiotics, an antiinflammatory drug, and
intravenous administration of:
a) sodium iodide.
b) penicillin
c) dexamethasone.
d) oxytetracycline.
a) sodium iodide.
,Actinobacillosis (wooden tongue) is diagnosed by oral examination and biopsy, with
isolation of the organism. It is treated with sodium iodide and antibiotics, as well as
antiinflammatory drugs.
In the infection process, a reservoir refers to:
a) transmission of infection by direct contact with skin, secretions, excretions, or
mucous membranes of an infected animal.
b) the portal of entry by which the pathogen gains entry into a new host.
c) a pathogen's mode of transmission.
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive.
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive.
A reservoir can be an animal, insect, or fomite (an inanimate substance or object such
as water, a bowl, a cage, clipper blades, an instrument, a towel, or scrubs) in or on
which a pathogen can survive
Treatment for galactostasis:
a) is indicated during the first 1 to 3 weeks of the postpartum period.
b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production and
inflammation, using warm compresses.
c)focuses on treating the inflammation and massaging the affected mammary gland.
d) involves a decrease in milk production, coupled with cold compresses to reduce ever.
b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production and
inflammation, using warm compresses.
Treatment is begun if galactostasis occurs during the weaning period and focuses on
decreasing milk production (reducing food and water intake and preventing nursing) and
decreasing inflammation with gentle application of warm compresses.
An allergic disease associated with airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and
excessive mucous production is:
a) influenza.
b) herpes.
c) recurrent airway obstruction.
d)viral arteritis.
c) recurrent airway obstruction
Heaves, or recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), is an allergic airway disease caused by
airway inflammation, narrowing of small airways (bronchoconstriction), and excessive
mucus production.
The analgesic effect of NSAIDs is due to:
a) interaction with receptors in the central nervous system.
b) interaction with specific opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord.
,c) interaction with histamine receptors.
d)modification of the inflammatory response.
modification of the inflammatory response.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide analgesia by modifying the
inflammatory response.
A 10% concentration of solution contains _____ of a dug per _____ of solution.
a) 1 g; 100 ml
b)1 mg; 10 ml
c) 10 mL; 100 mL
d)100 g; 100 ml
c) 10 mL; 100 mL
Percent solutions can be expressed as vol/vol, meaning the number of milliliters (mL) of
a drug in 100 mL of solution. For example, a 10% solution (vol/vol) solution contains 10
mL of a drug in 100 mL of solution.
Cushing syndrome, or _____, primarily affects dogs and is characterized by _____.
a)hypothyroidism; an underactive thyroid, resulting in subnormal circulating levels of the
thyroid hormones, which causes a subsequent decrease in the metabolic rate
b) diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); the presence of ketones in the urine
c) hypoadrenocorticism; inadequate secretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids,
primarily cortisol and aldosterone
d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol produced by the adrenal
cortex
d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol produced by the adrenal
cortex
Hyperadrenocorticism, or Cushing syndrome, is a disease that primarily affects dogs
and is characterized by elevated circulating levels of cortisol (hypercortisolemia)
produced by the adrenal cortex.
Which drugs can be administered safely via the endotracheal route?
a)Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine, naloxone, vasopressin
b) Dopamine, epinephrine
c) Corticosteroids, atropine, vasopressin
d) Epinephrine, naloxone only
a ) Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine, naloxone, vasopressin
Drugs that are safe to administer through an endotracheal tube are easily remembered
by the acronym NAVEL (naloxone, atropine, vasopressin, epinephrine, lidocaine).
Two tests that can evaluate the intrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation
cascade are the activated clotting time (ACT) and the _____, which measures the time
it takes for the primary platelet plug to form.
, a) bleeding time
b) CPPT
c) hemostasis
d) PT
a) bleeding time
Using laboratory testing, the coagulation cascade can be divided into two pathways that
result in formation of thrombin, the "intrinsic" and "extrinsic" pathways. Two tests that
can be performed in house are the bleeding time and the activated clotting time (ACT).
The bleeding time measures the time it takes for the primary platelet plug to form.
Artie, a Pekinese, has begun losing weight and experiences some anorexia. He is
frequently suddenly exhausted. Tests indicate that Artie has _____, or disease of the
heart muscle.
a) cardiovascular disease
b) cardiomuscular disease
c) cardiomyopathy
d) congestive heart failure
c) cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy is a disease (-pathy) of the heart (cardi/o) muscle (my/o)
In a blood smear, oxidative damage results in __________, which are RBCs in which
the hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell, creating a clear area outlined by a
thin rim of membrane.
a) keratocytes
b) eccentrocytes
c) spherocytes
d) acanthocytes
b) eccentrocytes
Eccentrocytes are RBCs in which the hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell,
creating a clear area outlined by a thin rim of membrane.
Hepatic encephalopathy can be caused by:
a) the presence of trypsin in the liver and pancreas, causing autodigestion.
b) persistent endoparasites, ulcerations, neoplasms, or coagulopathies.
c) complications of pancreatitis.
d) exposure of the brain to gastrointestinal (GI) toxins as a consequence of decreased
liver function or portosystemic shunts.
d) exposure of the brain to gastrointestinal (GI) toxins as a consequence of decreased
liver function or portosystemic shunts.
Hepatic encephalopathy results when the brain is exposed to GI toxins, such as
ammonia, as a consequence of decreased liver function or the presence of
