SOCIALE PSYCHOLOGIE
Inhoud
1 sociale psychologie: introductie in vak(jargon) en methode + over het zelf..................................................5
1.1 Definitie sociale psychologie p 21...................................................................................................................5
1.1.1 Wetenschappelijke studie........................................................................................................................6
1.1.2 Gedachten, gevoelens en gedragingen....................................................................................................6
1.1.3 invloed, werkelijke of voorgesteelde aanwezigheid van andere...........................................................11
1.2 Documentaire Jimmy Rosenberg – The Father, son & The talent.................................................................13
1.2.1 Bespreking BaMPS..................................................................................................................................14
1.2.2 Gezinnen met kNELLENDE BANDEN/ hET GEZIN MET (pathologisch-) symbiotische relaties – F.Verheij
en F. Booij-van Beek........................................................................................................................................15
2 waarnemen van personen......................................................................................................................... 18
2.1 Eerste indruk p130 – 132..............................................................................................................................18
2.1.1 tHIN SLICES OF BEHAVIOR......................................................................................................................18
2.1.2 Automatische stereotypering p 132.......................................................................................................19
2.1.3 qUIK AND DIRTY P 132...........................................................................................................................20
2.2 Eerste milliseconden p 133 - 134..................................................................................................................21
2.2.1 Automatische processen........................................................................................................................21
2.2.2 Impliciete processen P 176....................................................................................................................21
2.3 Belangrijke inzichten voor onze afstudeergroep p 136.................................................................................22
2.4 Dus einde verhaal, we kunnen er helemaal niets aan doen? p 136..............................................................22
2.5 aantrekkelijkheid P 138.................................................................................................................................23
2.6 Andere factoren die een rol spelen bij beoordeling......................................................................................24
2.7 Dr. fox effect p 150........................................................................................................................................24
2.8 Flirten p. 155.................................................................................................................................................25
2.9 Afstand en persoonlijke ruimte P 156...........................................................................................................25
2.10 Primacy effect en gevolgen (p. 186)............................................................................................................25
3 Cognitieve biases & psychologische verkeerde beoordelingen..................................................................26
3.1 Fairytale dreams tendency aka excessive optimism bias.............................................................................27
3.2 Pathway to perdition tendency aka excessive pessimism bias.....................................................................27
3.3 Reward and punishment conditioning tendency..........................................................................................28
3.4 Bias from mere association...........................................................................................................................28
3.5 Self-interest and incentive bias.....................................................................................................................29
3.6 Overly optimistic self-serving tendency........................................................................................................29
3.7 Self-deception and pain-avoiding denial.......................................................................................................29
3.8 inconsistency-avoidance tendency................................................................................................................30
1
, 3.9 Deprival bias..................................................................................................................................................30
3.10 Do-nothing syndrome.................................................................................................................................30
3.11 Tendency of impatience..............................................................................................................................31
3.12 Envy or Jealousy tendency..........................................................................................................................31
3.13 Compare, contrast, and anchoring misreaction tendency..........................................................................31
3.14 Vivid or recent availability bias...................................................................................................................32
3.15 Unavailability bias.......................................................................................................................................32
3.16 Reciprocation Tendency..............................................................................................................................32
3.17 Liking and desire for social acceptance tendency.......................................................................................33
3.18 Social-proof tendency.................................................................................................................................33
3.19 Authority misinfluence tendency................................................................................................................33
3.20 Sensemaking tendency...............................................................................................................................34
3.21 Reason-respecting tendency.......................................................................................................................34
3.22 Believe first, doubt later tendency..............................................................................................................34
3.23 Flawed memory tendency...........................................................................................................................35
3.24 Do-something syndrome.............................................................................................................................35
3.25 Say-something syndrome............................................................................................................................35
3.26 Emotionally influenced misjudgment tendency..........................................................................................36
3.27 Stress-influence tendency...........................................................................................................................36
3.28 Pain, chemical, or disease misinfluence tendency......................................................................................37
3.29 The Curse of knowledge..............................................................................................................................37
3.30 Multiple tendency lollapalooza...................................................................................................................37
4 Attractie en seksualiteit............................................................................................................................. 38
4.1 Interpersonal attraction................................................................................................................................38
4.1.1 to whom are we attracted......................................................................................................................38
4.2 P variables.....................................................................................................................................................39
4.2.1 evolutionary (buss, 1989): PARENTIAL INVESTEMENT..........................................................................39
4.2.2 sOCIAL/ culteral (Eagly & Wood, 1999)..................................................................................................39
4.2.3 excitation transfer theory:....................................................................................................................40
4.3 O Variables....................................................................................................................................................42
4.3.1 “what is beautiful is good” (dion, BERSCHEID, & Walster 1972)...........................................................42
4.3.2 Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977).........................................................................................................42
4.3.3 PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENNES STEREOTYPE (halo effect).........................................................................43
4.3.4 Berscheid et al. 1972..............................................................................................................................43
4.3.5 Cost associated with beauty Major et al (1984)....................................................................................44
4.4 P X o variable.................................................................................................................................................44
4.4.1 Newcombe 1956....................................................................................................................................44
4.4.2 similarity VS complementarity...............................................................................................................44
4.5 E Variable......................................................................................................................................................45
4.5.1 Festinger (1950).....................................................................................................................................45
4.5.2 Bossard (1932)........................................................................................................................................45
4.5.3 Moreland & Beach (1992)......................................................................................................................45
2
, 4.6 Unpacking Ideas of Sexuality in Childhood: What do primary teachers and parents say? (Paul fLANAGAN)
............................................................................................................................................................................46
5 Nabespreking college over Attractie en intieme relaties.............................................................................46
5.1 Affiliaties: mens als sociaal wezen P 198 – 200............................................................................................47
5.1.1 affliaties..................................................................................................................................................47
5.1.2 Evolutionair P 198..................................................................................................................................47
5.1.3 oxytocine en vasopressine (examen) p200............................................................................................48
5.1.4 troost en steun.......................................................................................................................................48
5.2 Sociale en emotionele eenzaamheid (P 204)................................................................................................49
5.2.1 sINGLISME (bELLA DePaulo, 2011).........................................................................................................49
5.3 Interpersoonlijke attractie P 208 - 209.........................................................................................................50
5.3.1 -ruimtelijke nabijheid –..........................................................................................................................50
5.3.2 Gelijkenis................................................................................................................................................51
5.4 Soorten liefde p. 214.....................................................................................................................................51
5.4.1 driehoek van liefde (Sternberg, 1986)...................................................................................................52
5.5 Me TOO discussie + andere typen van relaties (met toestemming) (indien tijd)..........................................52
5.6 Valkuilen bij de liefde....................................................................................................................................53
5.6.1 - Deurmat-effect.....................................................................................................................................53
5.6.2 - Michelangelo-effect.............................................................................................................................53
5.6.3 ZELFWAARDERING (p 247).....................................................................................................................53
5.6.4 Collusie...................................................................................................................................................54
5.7 tEKST ‘Intersectionality of cultural norms and sexual behaviours: a qualitative study of young Black male
students at a university in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa’..................................................................................55
5.8 vlaggensysteem interventiebeschrijving WERKBLAD...................................................................................57
6 Kindermishandeling.................................................................................................................................. 58
6.1 Als je eens wist… ( Vrt NU)............................................................................................................................58
6.1.1 kindermishandeling is in Vlaanderen een enorm taboe........................................................................58
6.1.2 Misbruikdetectie en hulpverlening lopen al te vaak mis.......................................................................61
6.1.3 Kindermishandeling heeft invloed op je lichaam en brein....................................................................63
6.2 Tekst ‘journal of family psychology: spanking and child outcomes’.............................................................65
6.3 Tekst ‘Comparing Child Outcomes of Physical Punishment and Alternative Disciplinary Tactics4..............66
6.4 Tekst ‘ A meta – analysis of the published research on the affective, cognitieve, and behavioral effects of
coporal punischment...........................................................................................................................................67
6.5 Werkmoment Bamps (examen)....................................................................................................................67
7 Milgrim experiment.................................................................................................................................. 68
7.1 Link met evolutie...........................................................................................................................................68
7.2 Opdracht Milgram Experiment.....................................................................................................................68
8 Beïnvloeding (Hst. 8) capita selecta........................................................................................................... 72
8.1 Onbewuste invloeden p 423..........................................................................................................................72
8.1.1 James vicary’s.........................................................................................................................................73
8.1.2 Video Subliminal Advertising: Affecting the Subconscious (Anthony Greenwald)................................73
8.2 Effecten TERMIJN + aard van stimuli............................................................................................................74
8.3 ANDERE TOEPASSINGEN...............................................................................................................................74
8.4 Geuren? p 424...............................................................................................................................................75
3
, 8.5 Verschillende andere toepassingengedrags -beïnvloeding..........................................................................76
8.6 Spreek je uit (p 449)......................................................................................................................................77
8.7 Documentaire: perfect me............................................................................................................................77
9 Emoties en sociale interacties.................................................................................................................... 80
9.1 Wat zijn emoties p 261 – 262........................................................................................................................80
9.1.1 emoties gaan ergens over? Waarover?................................................................................................80
9.1.2 Koude en hete cognitie? P. 262..............................................................................................................80
9.2 Voorbeelden gezichtsuitdrukkingen (zie ook p. 267/268..............................................................................81
9.3 vIDEO: hoe slecht zijn we in emoties afleven?..............................................................................................82
9.4 Emoties leiden tot actie p. 263......................................................................................................................82
9.4.1 emoties zijn geassocieerd met lichamelijke veranderingen p. 264......................................................82
9.4.2 Emoties zijn gekoppeld aan interpretaties p. 265.................................................................................83
9.5 Evolutionaire grondslagen van emotie.........................................................................................................83
9.6 Leedvermaak p. 282-283...............................................................................................................................84
9.7 Sociale invloed via emoties: 288-291............................................................................................................85
9.8 Verzoeningsemoties vs. appèl-emoties p. 289..............................................................................................85
9.9 Cultuur specifieke emoties p. 294.................................................................................................................86
9.10 wEBINAR PIJN EN EMOTIES.........................................................................................................................86
9.10.1 Over welke pijn hebben we het?.........................................................................................................86
9.10.2 Nociplastische pijn................................................................................................................................87
9.10.3 2 processen..........................................................................................................................................87
9.10.4 Emotie ‘vertaald’ naar pijn...................................................................................................................87
9.10.5 Verminderd lichaamsbewustzijn..........................................................................................................88
9.10.6 Veel invloeden......................................................................................................................................88
9.10.7 Emotie: drie strategieën.......................................................................................................................89
9.10.8 Wanneer verwerken?...........................................................................................................................89
9.10.9 4 stappen..............................................................................................................................................90
9.10.10 Casus PTSS..........................................................................................................................................90
9.10.11 Strategieën voor verwerken...............................................................................................................90
9.10.12 Kies een bewuste reactie...................................................................................................................90
4
Inhoud
1 sociale psychologie: introductie in vak(jargon) en methode + over het zelf..................................................5
1.1 Definitie sociale psychologie p 21...................................................................................................................5
1.1.1 Wetenschappelijke studie........................................................................................................................6
1.1.2 Gedachten, gevoelens en gedragingen....................................................................................................6
1.1.3 invloed, werkelijke of voorgesteelde aanwezigheid van andere...........................................................11
1.2 Documentaire Jimmy Rosenberg – The Father, son & The talent.................................................................13
1.2.1 Bespreking BaMPS..................................................................................................................................14
1.2.2 Gezinnen met kNELLENDE BANDEN/ hET GEZIN MET (pathologisch-) symbiotische relaties – F.Verheij
en F. Booij-van Beek........................................................................................................................................15
2 waarnemen van personen......................................................................................................................... 18
2.1 Eerste indruk p130 – 132..............................................................................................................................18
2.1.1 tHIN SLICES OF BEHAVIOR......................................................................................................................18
2.1.2 Automatische stereotypering p 132.......................................................................................................19
2.1.3 qUIK AND DIRTY P 132...........................................................................................................................20
2.2 Eerste milliseconden p 133 - 134..................................................................................................................21
2.2.1 Automatische processen........................................................................................................................21
2.2.2 Impliciete processen P 176....................................................................................................................21
2.3 Belangrijke inzichten voor onze afstudeergroep p 136.................................................................................22
2.4 Dus einde verhaal, we kunnen er helemaal niets aan doen? p 136..............................................................22
2.5 aantrekkelijkheid P 138.................................................................................................................................23
2.6 Andere factoren die een rol spelen bij beoordeling......................................................................................24
2.7 Dr. fox effect p 150........................................................................................................................................24
2.8 Flirten p. 155.................................................................................................................................................25
2.9 Afstand en persoonlijke ruimte P 156...........................................................................................................25
2.10 Primacy effect en gevolgen (p. 186)............................................................................................................25
3 Cognitieve biases & psychologische verkeerde beoordelingen..................................................................26
3.1 Fairytale dreams tendency aka excessive optimism bias.............................................................................27
3.2 Pathway to perdition tendency aka excessive pessimism bias.....................................................................27
3.3 Reward and punishment conditioning tendency..........................................................................................28
3.4 Bias from mere association...........................................................................................................................28
3.5 Self-interest and incentive bias.....................................................................................................................29
3.6 Overly optimistic self-serving tendency........................................................................................................29
3.7 Self-deception and pain-avoiding denial.......................................................................................................29
3.8 inconsistency-avoidance tendency................................................................................................................30
1
, 3.9 Deprival bias..................................................................................................................................................30
3.10 Do-nothing syndrome.................................................................................................................................30
3.11 Tendency of impatience..............................................................................................................................31
3.12 Envy or Jealousy tendency..........................................................................................................................31
3.13 Compare, contrast, and anchoring misreaction tendency..........................................................................31
3.14 Vivid or recent availability bias...................................................................................................................32
3.15 Unavailability bias.......................................................................................................................................32
3.16 Reciprocation Tendency..............................................................................................................................32
3.17 Liking and desire for social acceptance tendency.......................................................................................33
3.18 Social-proof tendency.................................................................................................................................33
3.19 Authority misinfluence tendency................................................................................................................33
3.20 Sensemaking tendency...............................................................................................................................34
3.21 Reason-respecting tendency.......................................................................................................................34
3.22 Believe first, doubt later tendency..............................................................................................................34
3.23 Flawed memory tendency...........................................................................................................................35
3.24 Do-something syndrome.............................................................................................................................35
3.25 Say-something syndrome............................................................................................................................35
3.26 Emotionally influenced misjudgment tendency..........................................................................................36
3.27 Stress-influence tendency...........................................................................................................................36
3.28 Pain, chemical, or disease misinfluence tendency......................................................................................37
3.29 The Curse of knowledge..............................................................................................................................37
3.30 Multiple tendency lollapalooza...................................................................................................................37
4 Attractie en seksualiteit............................................................................................................................. 38
4.1 Interpersonal attraction................................................................................................................................38
4.1.1 to whom are we attracted......................................................................................................................38
4.2 P variables.....................................................................................................................................................39
4.2.1 evolutionary (buss, 1989): PARENTIAL INVESTEMENT..........................................................................39
4.2.2 sOCIAL/ culteral (Eagly & Wood, 1999)..................................................................................................39
4.2.3 excitation transfer theory:....................................................................................................................40
4.3 O Variables....................................................................................................................................................42
4.3.1 “what is beautiful is good” (dion, BERSCHEID, & Walster 1972)...........................................................42
4.3.2 Snyder, Tanke & Berscheid (1977).........................................................................................................42
4.3.3 PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENNES STEREOTYPE (halo effect).........................................................................43
4.3.4 Berscheid et al. 1972..............................................................................................................................43
4.3.5 Cost associated with beauty Major et al (1984)....................................................................................44
4.4 P X o variable.................................................................................................................................................44
4.4.1 Newcombe 1956....................................................................................................................................44
4.4.2 similarity VS complementarity...............................................................................................................44
4.5 E Variable......................................................................................................................................................45
4.5.1 Festinger (1950).....................................................................................................................................45
4.5.2 Bossard (1932)........................................................................................................................................45
4.5.3 Moreland & Beach (1992)......................................................................................................................45
2
, 4.6 Unpacking Ideas of Sexuality in Childhood: What do primary teachers and parents say? (Paul fLANAGAN)
............................................................................................................................................................................46
5 Nabespreking college over Attractie en intieme relaties.............................................................................46
5.1 Affiliaties: mens als sociaal wezen P 198 – 200............................................................................................47
5.1.1 affliaties..................................................................................................................................................47
5.1.2 Evolutionair P 198..................................................................................................................................47
5.1.3 oxytocine en vasopressine (examen) p200............................................................................................48
5.1.4 troost en steun.......................................................................................................................................48
5.2 Sociale en emotionele eenzaamheid (P 204)................................................................................................49
5.2.1 sINGLISME (bELLA DePaulo, 2011).........................................................................................................49
5.3 Interpersoonlijke attractie P 208 - 209.........................................................................................................50
5.3.1 -ruimtelijke nabijheid –..........................................................................................................................50
5.3.2 Gelijkenis................................................................................................................................................51
5.4 Soorten liefde p. 214.....................................................................................................................................51
5.4.1 driehoek van liefde (Sternberg, 1986)...................................................................................................52
5.5 Me TOO discussie + andere typen van relaties (met toestemming) (indien tijd)..........................................52
5.6 Valkuilen bij de liefde....................................................................................................................................53
5.6.1 - Deurmat-effect.....................................................................................................................................53
5.6.2 - Michelangelo-effect.............................................................................................................................53
5.6.3 ZELFWAARDERING (p 247).....................................................................................................................53
5.6.4 Collusie...................................................................................................................................................54
5.7 tEKST ‘Intersectionality of cultural norms and sexual behaviours: a qualitative study of young Black male
students at a university in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa’..................................................................................55
5.8 vlaggensysteem interventiebeschrijving WERKBLAD...................................................................................57
6 Kindermishandeling.................................................................................................................................. 58
6.1 Als je eens wist… ( Vrt NU)............................................................................................................................58
6.1.1 kindermishandeling is in Vlaanderen een enorm taboe........................................................................58
6.1.2 Misbruikdetectie en hulpverlening lopen al te vaak mis.......................................................................61
6.1.3 Kindermishandeling heeft invloed op je lichaam en brein....................................................................63
6.2 Tekst ‘journal of family psychology: spanking and child outcomes’.............................................................65
6.3 Tekst ‘Comparing Child Outcomes of Physical Punishment and Alternative Disciplinary Tactics4..............66
6.4 Tekst ‘ A meta – analysis of the published research on the affective, cognitieve, and behavioral effects of
coporal punischment...........................................................................................................................................67
6.5 Werkmoment Bamps (examen)....................................................................................................................67
7 Milgrim experiment.................................................................................................................................. 68
7.1 Link met evolutie...........................................................................................................................................68
7.2 Opdracht Milgram Experiment.....................................................................................................................68
8 Beïnvloeding (Hst. 8) capita selecta........................................................................................................... 72
8.1 Onbewuste invloeden p 423..........................................................................................................................72
8.1.1 James vicary’s.........................................................................................................................................73
8.1.2 Video Subliminal Advertising: Affecting the Subconscious (Anthony Greenwald)................................73
8.2 Effecten TERMIJN + aard van stimuli............................................................................................................74
8.3 ANDERE TOEPASSINGEN...............................................................................................................................74
8.4 Geuren? p 424...............................................................................................................................................75
3
, 8.5 Verschillende andere toepassingengedrags -beïnvloeding..........................................................................76
8.6 Spreek je uit (p 449)......................................................................................................................................77
8.7 Documentaire: perfect me............................................................................................................................77
9 Emoties en sociale interacties.................................................................................................................... 80
9.1 Wat zijn emoties p 261 – 262........................................................................................................................80
9.1.1 emoties gaan ergens over? Waarover?................................................................................................80
9.1.2 Koude en hete cognitie? P. 262..............................................................................................................80
9.2 Voorbeelden gezichtsuitdrukkingen (zie ook p. 267/268..............................................................................81
9.3 vIDEO: hoe slecht zijn we in emoties afleven?..............................................................................................82
9.4 Emoties leiden tot actie p. 263......................................................................................................................82
9.4.1 emoties zijn geassocieerd met lichamelijke veranderingen p. 264......................................................82
9.4.2 Emoties zijn gekoppeld aan interpretaties p. 265.................................................................................83
9.5 Evolutionaire grondslagen van emotie.........................................................................................................83
9.6 Leedvermaak p. 282-283...............................................................................................................................84
9.7 Sociale invloed via emoties: 288-291............................................................................................................85
9.8 Verzoeningsemoties vs. appèl-emoties p. 289..............................................................................................85
9.9 Cultuur specifieke emoties p. 294.................................................................................................................86
9.10 wEBINAR PIJN EN EMOTIES.........................................................................................................................86
9.10.1 Over welke pijn hebben we het?.........................................................................................................86
9.10.2 Nociplastische pijn................................................................................................................................87
9.10.3 2 processen..........................................................................................................................................87
9.10.4 Emotie ‘vertaald’ naar pijn...................................................................................................................87
9.10.5 Verminderd lichaamsbewustzijn..........................................................................................................88
9.10.6 Veel invloeden......................................................................................................................................88
9.10.7 Emotie: drie strategieën.......................................................................................................................89
9.10.8 Wanneer verwerken?...........................................................................................................................89
9.10.9 4 stappen..............................................................................................................................................90
9.10.10 Casus PTSS..........................................................................................................................................90
9.10.11 Strategieën voor verwerken...............................................................................................................90
9.10.12 Kies een bewuste reactie...................................................................................................................90
4
