HESI A2 BIOLOGY - QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1
Why is polarity the most important characteristic of water?
The results of the polarity are hydrogen bonding, a high specific heat value, and its
versatile solvent properties
2
A cell from heart muscle would more than likely contain an unusually proportion of
Mitochondria
3
What part of cellular respiration produces the greatest amount of atp?
Electron transport chain
4
The Krebs and Calvin cycles both result in a net production of what?
ATP, NADH
5
Why is it important for cells to undergo mitosis?
Mitosis produces cells for growth and repair body tissue.
6
How is information transformed to make a protein?
DNA-RNA-protein
7
Hierarchic system of classification
,Kingdom, Phylum, Class, order, family, Genus, Species
8
Allels
Any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation, that are
responsible for heredity variation
9
Amino Acids
Any of a class of organic compounds that contain at least one amino group, -NH , and
are carboxyl group, -COOH: The alpha amino acids , are building blocks from which
proteins are constructed
10
Anaphase
Begins when chromosomes start to separate. In this phase, the chromosome are
considered separate chromosomes.
11
Binary Fission
Fission into two organisms approximately equal in size. Type of a sexual
reproduction; parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells
12
Cellular Membrane
*Most important component of the cell, contributing to protection, communication,
and the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
*Consists of a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins.
*Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules, this bilayer creates a hydrophobic
region between the two layers of lipids, making it selectively permeable.
13
, Chloroplasts
*Found in plants and are the sites of photosynthesis
*Produce cell energy
14
Chromosomes
Compact rod-shaped bodies located with in the nucleus of a cell; contain DNA
15
Codon
Three base sequence of messenger RNA ; each sequence of nucleotides in mRNA
that base pairs with DNA base triplet.
* These code for a specific amino acid
16
Cytoplasm
Cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus includes cytosol
and organelles
17
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm into two cells. It is achieved by the motor protein myosin
pulling microfilaments of actin in the terminal web of the cytoskeleton. This creates
a crease called the cleavage furrow around the equator of the cell, and eventually
pinches into two
18
Cytosol
Fluid that surrounds the organelles
1
Why is polarity the most important characteristic of water?
The results of the polarity are hydrogen bonding, a high specific heat value, and its
versatile solvent properties
2
A cell from heart muscle would more than likely contain an unusually proportion of
Mitochondria
3
What part of cellular respiration produces the greatest amount of atp?
Electron transport chain
4
The Krebs and Calvin cycles both result in a net production of what?
ATP, NADH
5
Why is it important for cells to undergo mitosis?
Mitosis produces cells for growth and repair body tissue.
6
How is information transformed to make a protein?
DNA-RNA-protein
7
Hierarchic system of classification
,Kingdom, Phylum, Class, order, family, Genus, Species
8
Allels
Any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation, that are
responsible for heredity variation
9
Amino Acids
Any of a class of organic compounds that contain at least one amino group, -NH , and
are carboxyl group, -COOH: The alpha amino acids , are building blocks from which
proteins are constructed
10
Anaphase
Begins when chromosomes start to separate. In this phase, the chromosome are
considered separate chromosomes.
11
Binary Fission
Fission into two organisms approximately equal in size. Type of a sexual
reproduction; parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells
12
Cellular Membrane
*Most important component of the cell, contributing to protection, communication,
and the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
*Consists of a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins.
*Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules, this bilayer creates a hydrophobic
region between the two layers of lipids, making it selectively permeable.
13
, Chloroplasts
*Found in plants and are the sites of photosynthesis
*Produce cell energy
14
Chromosomes
Compact rod-shaped bodies located with in the nucleus of a cell; contain DNA
15
Codon
Three base sequence of messenger RNA ; each sequence of nucleotides in mRNA
that base pairs with DNA base triplet.
* These code for a specific amino acid
16
Cytoplasm
Cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus includes cytosol
and organelles
17
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm into two cells. It is achieved by the motor protein myosin
pulling microfilaments of actin in the terminal web of the cytoskeleton. This creates
a crease called the cleavage furrow around the equator of the cell, and eventually
pinches into two
18
Cytosol
Fluid that surrounds the organelles
