ATI MED SURG Questions and Answers
Updated 2022
A newly admitted client tells the nurse he is allergic to latex. Describe three (3) actions
the nurse can do to assure the client's safety regarding latex products during the client's
hospitalization. - ANSWER 1. Schedule sx in morning
2. Have latex free cart available
3. Make sure allergy is noted in the chart
A nurse is caring for a client with skeletal traction following a fracture. How and when
should skeletal pin care be provided? - ANSWER Frequently throughout immobilization
per hospital policy (at least 3x day), you want to observe pin sites for drainage,
loosening of pins and tenting of skin, make sure to not remove crusting at pin site ,
provide pain/muscle relaxants PRN
A nurse is providing community teaching regarding prevention of HIV transmission.
Identify two (2) points the nurse will share with the client. - ANSWER - Using latex
condoms to prevent transmission
- Taking prescribed medication to reduce risk of transmission
Describe three (3) teaching points the nurse would provide to a client and their family
regarding the treatment and transmission of tuberculosis. - ANSWER -Medications must
be taken for 6 to 12 months, compliance is very important
- Sputum samples are needed every 2 to 4 weeks to monitor therapy effectiveness
During d/c teaching a client inquires further about airborne precautions and
implementation of airborne precautions at home with a nurse. How should the nurse
respond to the inquiry of precautions in the home setting? - ANSWER Proper hand
hygiene ,Dispose of contaminated tissues in plastic bag, cover mouth and nose when
coughing/sneezing
A nurse is caring for an adult male client following a lumbar spinal surgery. Which of the
following findings would indicate a fluid volume deficit? - ANSWER -BUN 30 mg/dL
A nurse is teaching a client about risk factors associated with breast cancer. Provide
three (3) risk factors the nurse should discuss with the client. - ANSWER - Menopausal
Hormonal therapy (HT)
- Hx of family breast cancer
- Nulliparity
, List three (3) teaching points the nurse can provide a client with cholelithiasis on dietary
choices for symptom management. - ANSWER -Consume low-fat diet rich in HDL
(seafood, nuts, olive oil)
- Do not smoke
-Exercise regularly
The nurse is assessing a client with peripheral vascular disease. Describe the clinical
manifestations the nurse would anticipate for venous insufficiency versus arterial
insufficiency. - ANSWER - PAD : Decreased or absent peripheral pulses, Capillary refill
> 3 sec, loss of hair in legs/feet, cool temperature gradient down the leg
- vI: Capillary refill <3sec, bronze brownish skin pigmentation, warm skin temperature
squamous cell carcinoma - ANSWER rough, scal lesion w/central ulceration + crusting
basal cell carcinomaterma - ANSWER Small, waxy nodule w/superficial blood vessels +
well defined borders
malignant melanoma - ANSWER itching, cracks, ulcerations/ bleeding
Caring for client w/NG tube, nursing actions: - ANSWER maintain intermittent suction
asses patency and placement, irrigate q4hr
monitor/assess gastric output
monitor nasal area for skin breakdown
provide oral hygiene q2 hr
monitor VS, skin integ, I&O
What should you teach a patient about bronchoscopy? - ANSWER once gag reflex
returns pt can have liquids/food
Post-op care for laminectomy - ANSWER turn the body as unit ( log roll)
back orthotic can be req 4- weeks after surg
following d/c initiate exercise plan
do not place overhead trapeze in bed
**monitor for clear halo-like drainage, sudden headache**
d/c teaching after Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) - ANSWER temp
discomfort + cramping is expected
abstain from sexual intercourse and avoid douche/tampons, vag cream until disch stops
(2weeks)
do not lift heavy objects for 2 weeks
Vancomycin AE ( rapid infusion) - ANSWER red man syndrome: rashes, itching,
flushing, tachycardia and hypotension
Meds that interact w/warfarin include: - ANSWER acetaminophen, glucocorticoids, and
aspirin
Updated 2022
A newly admitted client tells the nurse he is allergic to latex. Describe three (3) actions
the nurse can do to assure the client's safety regarding latex products during the client's
hospitalization. - ANSWER 1. Schedule sx in morning
2. Have latex free cart available
3. Make sure allergy is noted in the chart
A nurse is caring for a client with skeletal traction following a fracture. How and when
should skeletal pin care be provided? - ANSWER Frequently throughout immobilization
per hospital policy (at least 3x day), you want to observe pin sites for drainage,
loosening of pins and tenting of skin, make sure to not remove crusting at pin site ,
provide pain/muscle relaxants PRN
A nurse is providing community teaching regarding prevention of HIV transmission.
Identify two (2) points the nurse will share with the client. - ANSWER - Using latex
condoms to prevent transmission
- Taking prescribed medication to reduce risk of transmission
Describe three (3) teaching points the nurse would provide to a client and their family
regarding the treatment and transmission of tuberculosis. - ANSWER -Medications must
be taken for 6 to 12 months, compliance is very important
- Sputum samples are needed every 2 to 4 weeks to monitor therapy effectiveness
During d/c teaching a client inquires further about airborne precautions and
implementation of airborne precautions at home with a nurse. How should the nurse
respond to the inquiry of precautions in the home setting? - ANSWER Proper hand
hygiene ,Dispose of contaminated tissues in plastic bag, cover mouth and nose when
coughing/sneezing
A nurse is caring for an adult male client following a lumbar spinal surgery. Which of the
following findings would indicate a fluid volume deficit? - ANSWER -BUN 30 mg/dL
A nurse is teaching a client about risk factors associated with breast cancer. Provide
three (3) risk factors the nurse should discuss with the client. - ANSWER - Menopausal
Hormonal therapy (HT)
- Hx of family breast cancer
- Nulliparity
, List three (3) teaching points the nurse can provide a client with cholelithiasis on dietary
choices for symptom management. - ANSWER -Consume low-fat diet rich in HDL
(seafood, nuts, olive oil)
- Do not smoke
-Exercise regularly
The nurse is assessing a client with peripheral vascular disease. Describe the clinical
manifestations the nurse would anticipate for venous insufficiency versus arterial
insufficiency. - ANSWER - PAD : Decreased or absent peripheral pulses, Capillary refill
> 3 sec, loss of hair in legs/feet, cool temperature gradient down the leg
- vI: Capillary refill <3sec, bronze brownish skin pigmentation, warm skin temperature
squamous cell carcinoma - ANSWER rough, scal lesion w/central ulceration + crusting
basal cell carcinomaterma - ANSWER Small, waxy nodule w/superficial blood vessels +
well defined borders
malignant melanoma - ANSWER itching, cracks, ulcerations/ bleeding
Caring for client w/NG tube, nursing actions: - ANSWER maintain intermittent suction
asses patency and placement, irrigate q4hr
monitor/assess gastric output
monitor nasal area for skin breakdown
provide oral hygiene q2 hr
monitor VS, skin integ, I&O
What should you teach a patient about bronchoscopy? - ANSWER once gag reflex
returns pt can have liquids/food
Post-op care for laminectomy - ANSWER turn the body as unit ( log roll)
back orthotic can be req 4- weeks after surg
following d/c initiate exercise plan
do not place overhead trapeze in bed
**monitor for clear halo-like drainage, sudden headache**
d/c teaching after Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) - ANSWER temp
discomfort + cramping is expected
abstain from sexual intercourse and avoid douche/tampons, vag cream until disch stops
(2weeks)
do not lift heavy objects for 2 weeks
Vancomycin AE ( rapid infusion) - ANSWER red man syndrome: rashes, itching,
flushing, tachycardia and hypotension
Meds that interact w/warfarin include: - ANSWER acetaminophen, glucocorticoids, and
aspirin
