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Apunts vàlids per batxillerat i selectivitat.

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June 17, 2022
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Morfología

Monema: unidad mínima con significado
➔ Raíz (significado léxico de la palabra).
➔ Morfemas independientes
(determinantes, preposiciones, conjunciones y pronombres).
➔ Morfemas dependientes (van unidos a la raíz).
A los niñ-os
Diferencia entre raíz y morfema:
La raíz es la idea básica de la palabra. Donde está la información léxica.
Para encontrar la raíz: buscamos el infinitivo (cantar, reír…) y tachamos ar, ir, er...
Los morfemas son los complementos de la raíz. Donde está la información
gramatical.
niñ-o-s

Morfemas independientes:

1. Determinantes: el, la, los, las.
2. Preposiciones: a, ante, cabe...
3. Conjunciones: porque, aunque...
4. Pronombres: yo, tú, él...


Morfemas dependientes:

1. Flexivos:
a) De nombre: nos indican el género y el número de la palabra.
GORDA (morfema flexivo de nombre)
b) De verbo: nos indican la persona, número, tiempo, modo, aspecto y
voz....
CANTÁBAMOS (morfema flexivo de verbo)
PARTIR (morfema flexivo de verbo)

2. Afijos derivativos:
a) Prefijo: van antes que la raíz. (IMPOSIBLE).
b) Sufijo: crean palabras, van después que la raíz.
c) Infijo: ayudan al sufijo, van antes que el sufijo.
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