ETHC 445 Week 8 Final Exam 1 with Answers

ETHC 445 Week 8 Final Exam 1 with Answers Page 1 This exam covers all 14 TCO's. For each of the following multiple choice questions, please select the Philosophy (and/or Philosopher) which best goes with each description below. 1. (TCOs 2, 4, 5, 6) The idea that the assisted suicide of terminally ill patients should be allowed simply at the patient's direction reflects what type of ethics? (Points : 5) Hobbes' State of Nature Rand's Objectivism Aristotle's concept of Virtue Thomas Aquinas' concept of conscience Socrates' concept of excellence 2. (TCOs 1, 2, 7) What is the moral ideal of temperance? (Points : 5) Exercising control over one's own desires & inclinations Keeping one's temper under control Minimizing the impact of one's decisions Seeking the good of others before one's own Overcoming one's passions 3. (TCOs 1, 2) One of the common errors in Ethics is that of the hasty conclusions. Hasty conclusions consist of what? (Points : 5) Rushed work under pressure Comparing unknown cases to known ones to find precedents Embracing conclusions before examining cases fully Judging cases by the source of their origin Belief that first impressions are valid until challenged 4. (TCO 2) Prescriptive language is commonly used in ethics for what reason? (Points : 5) To indicate what is prohibited or impossible To indicate that one choice is better than others To show what actions are legal To convey requirements & obligations To indicate that there are really no choices available 5. (TCOs 7, 8) Ethical Egoism proposes that all decisions should be made to promote what? (Points : 5) Our fiduciary responsibilities The good will of others Our self-interests The welfare of the community Stronger relationships 6. (TCOs 2, 4, 9) Free people are motivated toward forming social structures according to a social contract in order to overcome what problem identified by Thomas Hobbes? (Points : 5) The need to overcome disagreements A perpetual state of warfare The establishment of a monarchy Taxation to support the costs of government Organized ways to select leaders 7. (TCOs 3, 6) Agricultural biofuels are not properly a renewable source of energy in the environmental ethics debate. Which of the following also is not a renewable source of energy? (Points : 5) Windmill turbines Hydroelectric power Tidal flow generators Biomass waste systems Solar cells 8. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) The notion that the only thing good without qualification is a good will is attributed to whom? (Points : 5) St. Thomas Aquinas Socrates John Locke Immanuel Kant Oliver Cromwell 9. (TCOs 8, 9) Which ethical concept is organized & directed toward following the greatest happiness principle? (Points : 5) Natural ethics & law Justice & mercy Rights & responsibilities Virtue-ethics of excellence Principle of utility 10. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) Syllogisms in formal deductive logic are called "valid" when: (Points : 5) the correct form of the syllogism style is used. the premise statements are true. the syllogism is first determined to be "sound." the verbs are written in present tense. the conclusion proceeds from the premises. 11. (TCOs 1, 2) When choosing one course of action while working with a dilemma, the other courses of action are lost & become unavailable. This makes ethical choices in dilemma situations particularly what? (Points : 5) Incoherent Complicated Illogical Painful Cruel 12. (TCOs 1, 2, 7) What is the role of conscience as Thomas Aquinas sees it? (Points : 5) To teach ethical principles To disclose & build religious faith To enable rational thought about consequences To align personal ethics with those of others To guide actions through a view of right & wrong 13. (TCOs 2, 8) The rule or principle to be applied in making decisions is an example of which kind of ethical discovery process? (Points : 5) Principle of utility A posteriori rationality A priori rationality Empirical rationality Scientific method 14. (TCOs 1, 2, 5) The Social Contract theorist whose troubled childhood was most clearly reflected in his theories was who? (Points : 5) Thomas Aquinas Thomas Jefferson Jean-Jacques Rousseau Thomas Hobbes John Locke 15. (TCOs 3, 6, 7) Kant's concern that people choose to observe universal laws as their duty is expressed through what actions? (Points : 5) Their habits Their maxims Their desires Their loves Their loyalties