NSG 6435 Pediatric Final Exam study guide, Latest 2021/2022 Complete Solution Guide.

Final Exam Study Guide: 1. National Youth Risk Behavior Survey…what is it, what does it do? Look at the list of the top reasons for noncompliance for safety. What do people sniff? (glue, aerosol, paint) 2. Early adolescence…how do they feel about themselves? Want to be taken seriously 3. Eating disorders…most common age that these rear their ugly heads? 11-14 years old and research signs and symptoms, behaviors risk factors. 4. Health Guidance re: sexual activity…when would you start this in your practice? 5. Gonorrhea screening in females and males- use urinalysis for males and cervical culture in females 6. HPV screening in females- visual inspection and pap smear 7. Depression and suicide discussion in adolescents…who & what age? Annual screening, researcher “different types of suicide ideation”, risk factors 8. Type I Diabetes…adolescent of what culture and cause Non-Hispanic whites, occur at all ages Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in the islets of Langerhans thought to be triggered by a preceding environmental event in genetically susceptible individuals. This destruction of beta cells results in an absolute deficiency in insulin secretion, reduced biologic effectiveness, or both. Normal metabolic function depends upon sufficient amounts of circulating insulin. Insulin deficiency results in uninhibited Page 1 of 12 gluconeogenesis and a blockage in the use and storage of circulating glucose. High blood glucose levels, therefore, are a result of the defective metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, and fats. 21% increase in diabetes was seen over 8 years; the greatest increase was observed in youth diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Females and males were shown to be affected in equal numbers. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes varied by race and ethnicity and was highest among non-Hispanic white youth (2.55 per 1000 children). Native American children had a much lower prevalence of type 1 diabetes (0.35 per 1000 children), and only 32% of diabetes among Native American children was type 1. Although children were most often diagnosed during the time of puberty, and onset of symptoms can present at any age, the highest age specific increase occurred in youth from the ages of 15 to 19 years old and older Although the onset of type 1 diabetes is gradual with destruction of pancreatic islet cells over time, children may become ill quite suddenly once symptoms manifest. As diabetes develops, the symptomatology reflects the decreasing degree of beta cell mass, increasing insulinopenia and hyperglycemia, and increasing ketoacids. History. With type 1 diabetes, the child may have had a viral infection, cold, or flu; parents may notice increased urination and thirst during the recovery period, with additional signs and symptoms appearing over a period of days or weeks. The following early symptoms are often reported: • Polydipsia