Zahra Ali
Unit 12
Supporting individuals with additional needs –
Rebecca is 8 years old and she suffered from a road traffic incident leaving her paralysed from the
neck down after fracturing her spine and now has no movement below her cervical spine meaning
she is either quadriplegic or paraplegic. Since the age of 5, Rebecca has been a wheelchair user and
relies on a carer who provides one to one personal care. She would have been diagnosed as
quadriplegic while she was in the hospital after the traffic accident by a neurologist. Paralysis occurs
when you’re physically unable to move certain parts of your body due to injury of the nervous
system. There are many different forms of paralysis depending on what part of the body is injured
for example quadriplegia is a type of paralysis where there is no movement from the neck down
affecting all four limbs. It is typically caused by an injury to the spinal cord that contains the nerves
that send messages from the brain the certain part of the body. A neurologist is a professional who
specialises in diagnosing, treating and managing conditions that affect the brain, nervous system and
spinal cord. The neurologist would have done examinations such as X-rays to show any broken
bones, MRI scans to check for signs of brain or spinal cord injury, electromyogram to tests the
electrical activity of nerves and muscles etc to see the damage that has been done and to also show
Rebecca’s parents. Unfortunately, there is not a treatment for quadriplegia and it is permanent.
However, there are many ways that it can be managed for day to day life. Rebecca’s neurologist
would refer her to other professionals such as an occupational therapist so that they could provide
her with adaptive equipment that will allow her to feed herself, assistive equipment such as a
modern wheelchair so that she is able to get around. She may also be prescribed with medication for
muscle spasticity or to improve bladder control etc to manage her condition. Rebecca would be
referred to rehabilitation with professionals such as a physical therapist, occupational therapist, a
rehabilitation nurse, a rehabilitation psychologist, a social worker, a dietitian etc. She will be taught
new skills and how to use new equipment and technology to help her live independently without
having to rely on others as she gets older and be able to get on with day to day life.
Type Of Cause Severity Stability over Prognosis
Condition time
Paraplegia Paraplegia The movement There is not any Although there isn't
occurs when of the lower treatment for any treatment for
there is injury part of the body paraplegia paraplegia in all of its
below the is significantly meaning she forms, there are steps
neck. The affected by will never have patients can take to speed
most common paraplegia. the up their recovery and
cause is Rebecca is independence strengthen some
trauma. A paralysed from to be able to do limbs. There is also loads
multitude of the neck down things like she of equipment out there
reasons, meaning she is used to. that Rebbeca can use to
including wheelchair Although, there have some
strokes, bound for the is new independence. Paraplegic
sports rest of her life. equipment that s must learn to cope with
injuries, and She will require she could use their disabilities, which
spinal cord personal care such as an may be a lengthy and
diseases, can for the rest of electric tough process. There is
cause this her life as she is wheelchair so currently no evidence that
condition. unable to do that she can paraplegia causes a
anything move around decrease in life
, Zahra Ali
Unit 12
Rebecca was independently. and adjust. expectancy. If you have
involved in a This can cause this condition, you may
serious road her to become become more
traffic depressed and intellectually and
accident feel worthless. emotionally susceptible.
where trauma
occurred in
her body
leaving her
paralysed
from the neck
down
Ben is 52 years old and has down syndrome. Down syndrome is caused by an error is cell division
during the development of either the sperm or egg cell and causing an individual to have 3 copies of
chromosome 21 instead of 2. Down syndrome causes facial features to be different e.g. having a flat
nose, smaller hands and feet, a longer tongue than his mouth & a short neck. Ben also suffers from
type 2 diabetes. This is caused by unhealthy lifestyle choices such as diet, lack of physical activity etc.
Because of this, cells in muscle, fat and the liver become resistant to insulin and the pancreas is
unable to produce enough insulin to manage blood sugar levels. Due to Ben having down syndrome
he was already more at risk of developing type 2 diabetes as he is unable to be as physically active
due to lack of strength in his muscles and also, he more likely to get tired easily. Another factor is
that he has been hiding sweets under his pillows and is refusing to follow his special diet required to
control his diabetes leading to his glucose levels being unstable and causing him to be unwell.
Although Ben is 52 years of age, he has the learning age of an 8-year-old. This is one of the reasons
why he may hide sweets and refuse to follow his special diet as he is unable to understand why it is
so important. Ben's interpretation as an 8-year-old prevents him from understanding his conditions
and he importance of maintaining it. He refuses to follow his diet in order to treat his type 2
diabetes. Trying to resist sweets can be tough for him because he doesn't understand what a diet is.
Due to his type 2 diabetes, Ben must follow a strict diet that includes complex carbohydrates like
brown rice, whole wheat, and quinoa while avoiding processed carbohydrates like sugar and pasta.
Ben has recently begun to isolate himself as a result of some local kids yelling at him while he was
out. He was refused admission to a funfair because of his intellectual disability. Since Bens mother
died, he has been living in a residential setting with 24-hour care. The residential care has been
beneficial for Ben as he has someone assisting him with everyday chores such as personal
cleanliness, clothing, grocery shopping, recreational activities, and frequent trips to the doctor.
Type of Cause Severity Stability Over Prognosis
Condition time
Down Syndrome Down syndrome Down syndrome Independent Down syndrome is
is caused by an is a lifelong living is possible a genetic condition
error of egg and condition where for people with that cannot be
sperm cell Ben has to learn Down syndrome, cured. Screenings
division meaning to live with it. although it is can be done for
there are 3 People depending on parents during
copies of with Down the severity of pregnancy to see
Unit 12
Supporting individuals with additional needs –
Rebecca is 8 years old and she suffered from a road traffic incident leaving her paralysed from the
neck down after fracturing her spine and now has no movement below her cervical spine meaning
she is either quadriplegic or paraplegic. Since the age of 5, Rebecca has been a wheelchair user and
relies on a carer who provides one to one personal care. She would have been diagnosed as
quadriplegic while she was in the hospital after the traffic accident by a neurologist. Paralysis occurs
when you’re physically unable to move certain parts of your body due to injury of the nervous
system. There are many different forms of paralysis depending on what part of the body is injured
for example quadriplegia is a type of paralysis where there is no movement from the neck down
affecting all four limbs. It is typically caused by an injury to the spinal cord that contains the nerves
that send messages from the brain the certain part of the body. A neurologist is a professional who
specialises in diagnosing, treating and managing conditions that affect the brain, nervous system and
spinal cord. The neurologist would have done examinations such as X-rays to show any broken
bones, MRI scans to check for signs of brain or spinal cord injury, electromyogram to tests the
electrical activity of nerves and muscles etc to see the damage that has been done and to also show
Rebecca’s parents. Unfortunately, there is not a treatment for quadriplegia and it is permanent.
However, there are many ways that it can be managed for day to day life. Rebecca’s neurologist
would refer her to other professionals such as an occupational therapist so that they could provide
her with adaptive equipment that will allow her to feed herself, assistive equipment such as a
modern wheelchair so that she is able to get around. She may also be prescribed with medication for
muscle spasticity or to improve bladder control etc to manage her condition. Rebecca would be
referred to rehabilitation with professionals such as a physical therapist, occupational therapist, a
rehabilitation nurse, a rehabilitation psychologist, a social worker, a dietitian etc. She will be taught
new skills and how to use new equipment and technology to help her live independently without
having to rely on others as she gets older and be able to get on with day to day life.
Type Of Cause Severity Stability over Prognosis
Condition time
Paraplegia Paraplegia The movement There is not any Although there isn't
occurs when of the lower treatment for any treatment for
there is injury part of the body paraplegia paraplegia in all of its
below the is significantly meaning she forms, there are steps
neck. The affected by will never have patients can take to speed
most common paraplegia. the up their recovery and
cause is Rebecca is independence strengthen some
trauma. A paralysed from to be able to do limbs. There is also loads
multitude of the neck down things like she of equipment out there
reasons, meaning she is used to. that Rebbeca can use to
including wheelchair Although, there have some
strokes, bound for the is new independence. Paraplegic
sports rest of her life. equipment that s must learn to cope with
injuries, and She will require she could use their disabilities, which
spinal cord personal care such as an may be a lengthy and
diseases, can for the rest of electric tough process. There is
cause this her life as she is wheelchair so currently no evidence that
condition. unable to do that she can paraplegia causes a
anything move around decrease in life
, Zahra Ali
Unit 12
Rebecca was independently. and adjust. expectancy. If you have
involved in a This can cause this condition, you may
serious road her to become become more
traffic depressed and intellectually and
accident feel worthless. emotionally susceptible.
where trauma
occurred in
her body
leaving her
paralysed
from the neck
down
Ben is 52 years old and has down syndrome. Down syndrome is caused by an error is cell division
during the development of either the sperm or egg cell and causing an individual to have 3 copies of
chromosome 21 instead of 2. Down syndrome causes facial features to be different e.g. having a flat
nose, smaller hands and feet, a longer tongue than his mouth & a short neck. Ben also suffers from
type 2 diabetes. This is caused by unhealthy lifestyle choices such as diet, lack of physical activity etc.
Because of this, cells in muscle, fat and the liver become resistant to insulin and the pancreas is
unable to produce enough insulin to manage blood sugar levels. Due to Ben having down syndrome
he was already more at risk of developing type 2 diabetes as he is unable to be as physically active
due to lack of strength in his muscles and also, he more likely to get tired easily. Another factor is
that he has been hiding sweets under his pillows and is refusing to follow his special diet required to
control his diabetes leading to his glucose levels being unstable and causing him to be unwell.
Although Ben is 52 years of age, he has the learning age of an 8-year-old. This is one of the reasons
why he may hide sweets and refuse to follow his special diet as he is unable to understand why it is
so important. Ben's interpretation as an 8-year-old prevents him from understanding his conditions
and he importance of maintaining it. He refuses to follow his diet in order to treat his type 2
diabetes. Trying to resist sweets can be tough for him because he doesn't understand what a diet is.
Due to his type 2 diabetes, Ben must follow a strict diet that includes complex carbohydrates like
brown rice, whole wheat, and quinoa while avoiding processed carbohydrates like sugar and pasta.
Ben has recently begun to isolate himself as a result of some local kids yelling at him while he was
out. He was refused admission to a funfair because of his intellectual disability. Since Bens mother
died, he has been living in a residential setting with 24-hour care. The residential care has been
beneficial for Ben as he has someone assisting him with everyday chores such as personal
cleanliness, clothing, grocery shopping, recreational activities, and frequent trips to the doctor.
Type of Cause Severity Stability Over Prognosis
Condition time
Down Syndrome Down syndrome Down syndrome Independent Down syndrome is
is caused by an is a lifelong living is possible a genetic condition
error of egg and condition where for people with that cannot be
sperm cell Ben has to learn Down syndrome, cured. Screenings
division meaning to live with it. although it is can be done for
there are 3 People depending on parents during
copies of with Down the severity of pregnancy to see
