Chapter 1
Defining Management
Chapter Outline
Define management and descriuve what managers do to accomplish goals
Contrast the classical viewpoint of management with that advocated by the human
relations movement.
Organizational behaviour is concerned with:
Predicting - individual behaviour, outcomes
Explaining – motivations of individuals to stay in business, work effectively
Managing – attitudes and behaviours in organizations
① Predicting Organizational Behaviour
In organizations, there is considerable interest in predicting when people will make
ethical decisions, create innovative products or engage in sexual harassments.
Through systematic study, the field of organizational behaviour provides a scientific
foundation that helps improve predictions of organizational events.
Early Prescriptions Concerning Management
Attempts to prescribe the “correct” way to manage an organization and achive its
goals.
Two basic phases to this prescription
o The classical view and bureaucracy
o The human relations view
Managing Organizational Behaviour
The Classical View
High degree of specialization of labour, intensive coordination, and centralized
decision making.
The separation of individuals from the work they are doing led to human relations
view of management.
Advocates for supervising work. Assigning workers to tasks they are efficient in.
Does not advocate for multi-tasking.
Reliance on authority to implement decision making.
Contributed to the JIT production method.
,Scientific Management
Frederick Taylor’s system for using research to determine the optimum degree of
specialization and standardization of work tasks.
Focused on job design and the stricture of work on the shop floor.
Believed in hierarchy and clear chain on command
Employees became doer’s
Method: Time and motion studies
o Time: What is the least amount of time, on average, it took to perform each
task and even each part of each task?
o Motion: What were the fewest number of motions required for each small
task.
, What are Organizations?
Chapter Outline
Define organizations and describe their basic characteristics
Explain the concept of organizational behaviour and the goals of the field.
Organization
Organizations are social inventions for accomplishing common goals through group
effort.
When we say that organizations are social inventions, we mean that their essential
characteristic is the coordinated presence of people, not necessarily things.
Organizations are:
o Goal accomplishment
o Social inventions
o Group effort
Goal Accomplishment
Individuals are assembled into organizations for a reason. The organizations
mentioned earlier have the very basic goals of providing software and retail
optimization services, winning basketball games, delivering news, or providing social
networks.
The field of organizational behaviour is concerned with how organizations can
survive and adapt to change.
Group Effort
Organizations depend on interaction and coordination among people to accomplish
their goals.
The field of organizational behaviour is concerned with how to get people to practise
effective teamwork
, What Is Organizational Behaviour?
Organizational behaviour refers to the attitudes and behaviours of individuals and
groups in organizations.
The discipline of organizational behaviour systematically studies
o Attitudes and behaviours and provide insight about effectively managing and
changing them.
o How organizations can be structured more effectively and how events in their
external environments affect organizations.
Human resources management refers to programs, practices, and systems to
acquire, develop, motivate, and retain employees in organizations.
Knowledge of organizational behaviour will help you understand human resource
management as organizational behaviour often provides the theoretical basis for
human resource practices such as selection (personality), training and development
(learning), and compensation (motivation).
Defining Management
Chapter Outline
Define management and descriuve what managers do to accomplish goals
Contrast the classical viewpoint of management with that advocated by the human
relations movement.
Organizational behaviour is concerned with:
Predicting - individual behaviour, outcomes
Explaining – motivations of individuals to stay in business, work effectively
Managing – attitudes and behaviours in organizations
① Predicting Organizational Behaviour
In organizations, there is considerable interest in predicting when people will make
ethical decisions, create innovative products or engage in sexual harassments.
Through systematic study, the field of organizational behaviour provides a scientific
foundation that helps improve predictions of organizational events.
Early Prescriptions Concerning Management
Attempts to prescribe the “correct” way to manage an organization and achive its
goals.
Two basic phases to this prescription
o The classical view and bureaucracy
o The human relations view
Managing Organizational Behaviour
The Classical View
High degree of specialization of labour, intensive coordination, and centralized
decision making.
The separation of individuals from the work they are doing led to human relations
view of management.
Advocates for supervising work. Assigning workers to tasks they are efficient in.
Does not advocate for multi-tasking.
Reliance on authority to implement decision making.
Contributed to the JIT production method.
,Scientific Management
Frederick Taylor’s system for using research to determine the optimum degree of
specialization and standardization of work tasks.
Focused on job design and the stricture of work on the shop floor.
Believed in hierarchy and clear chain on command
Employees became doer’s
Method: Time and motion studies
o Time: What is the least amount of time, on average, it took to perform each
task and even each part of each task?
o Motion: What were the fewest number of motions required for each small
task.
, What are Organizations?
Chapter Outline
Define organizations and describe their basic characteristics
Explain the concept of organizational behaviour and the goals of the field.
Organization
Organizations are social inventions for accomplishing common goals through group
effort.
When we say that organizations are social inventions, we mean that their essential
characteristic is the coordinated presence of people, not necessarily things.
Organizations are:
o Goal accomplishment
o Social inventions
o Group effort
Goal Accomplishment
Individuals are assembled into organizations for a reason. The organizations
mentioned earlier have the very basic goals of providing software and retail
optimization services, winning basketball games, delivering news, or providing social
networks.
The field of organizational behaviour is concerned with how organizations can
survive and adapt to change.
Group Effort
Organizations depend on interaction and coordination among people to accomplish
their goals.
The field of organizational behaviour is concerned with how to get people to practise
effective teamwork
, What Is Organizational Behaviour?
Organizational behaviour refers to the attitudes and behaviours of individuals and
groups in organizations.
The discipline of organizational behaviour systematically studies
o Attitudes and behaviours and provide insight about effectively managing and
changing them.
o How organizations can be structured more effectively and how events in their
external environments affect organizations.
Human resources management refers to programs, practices, and systems to
acquire, develop, motivate, and retain employees in organizations.
Knowledge of organizational behaviour will help you understand human resource
management as organizational behaviour often provides the theoretical basis for
human resource practices such as selection (personality), training and development
(learning), and compensation (motivation).
