Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 10th Edition, Sue, Sue,

Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior Chapter 1: Abnormal Behavior MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which statement about abnormal psychology is accurate? a. Abnormal psychology seeks to describe, explain, predict, and modify unusual behaviors. b. Although abnormal psychology has made several gains in the past 20 years, it is not yet a scientific field of study. c. The subject matter of abnormal psychology is restricted to extremely bizarre behavior. d. Most diagnoses of abnormality are based on two or three basic behavioral factors. ANS: A REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Factual 2. Psychopathology, or abnormal behavior, results primarily from ____. a. genetic factors b. environmental factors c. sociocultural factors d. an interaction of many factors ANS: D REF: Introduction OBJ: 1 MSC: Factual 3. Dr. Thompson collects information in order to describe and draw inferences about an individual's psychological disorder. Dr. Thompson is engaged in ____. a. therapy b. predicting dangerousness c. psychodiagnosis d. research ANS: C REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied 4. Dr. Kohn is a psychoanalyst, Dr. Edwards is a humanistic therapist, Dr. Peterson is a cognitive behavioral therapist, and Dr. James is a Gestalt therapist. Each of them would likely have a different ____ for a client's abnormality. a. time of onset b. explanation c. diagnosis d. prognosis ANS: B REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied 5. A psychologist says, ―Juan's abnormal behavior is likely due to a combination of biology and inadequate interpersonal skills.‖ The psychologist is . a. predicting the future symptoms of Juan b. giving Juan a psychodiagnosis c. offering an explanation for Juan's problem d. describing how to control Juan's symptoms ANS: C REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 6. Which statement regarding the prediction of abnormal behavior is accurate? a. Even experienced professionals tend to overpredict future violence. b. Psychologists are not interested in predicting clients' future behavior. c. Prediction is unrelated to understanding the cause of abnormality. d. Psychologists tend to underpredict future violence. ANS: A REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Conceptual 7. One of Seung-Hui Cho's professors reported Cho's frightening behavior to many campus authorities. What reason did those authorities give her to explain why they could do nothing? a. Cho's therapist did not feel he posed a danger to others. b. There was no space in any of the local mental health facilities to house him. c. Cho did not make any overt threats against anyone. d. When compared with that of his peer group, Cho's behavior was not considered odd. ANS: C REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied 8. When psychologists talk about modifying abnormal behavior, they mean they are ____. a. attempting to understand the underlying cause of that behavior b. restricting the freedom of dangerous clients c. attempting to anticipate the future behaviors of clients d. using therapy to improve client behavior ANS: D REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Factual 9. Which of the following defines therapy most accurately? a. A program of systematic intervention designed to alter behavior, emotion, or thought b. The scientific study of abnormal behavior. c. A system of observing abnormal behavior in an attempt to classify it d. The application of a theoretical model to explain the cause of abnormal behavior ANS: A REF: 1 OBJ: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology MSC: Factual 10. A psychologist develops several activities for clients aimed at helping them become more self-disciplined and feel more confident about trying new behaviors. This example illustrates ____. a. how epidemiological work is done in the field b. how therapy may be seen as an attempt to modify behavior c. the function of providing an explanation for abnormal behavior d. the essential need for accurate psychodiagnosis ANS: B REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 11. Clinical psychologists usually have ____ degrees, unlike psychiatrists, who have_____degrees. a. bachelor's (B.S.); medical (M.D.) b. medical (M.D.); doctorate (Ph.D.) c. doctorate (Ph.D. or Psy.D); medical (M.D.) d. master's (M.S.); doctorate (Ph.D.) ANS: C REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Factual 12. Harold is a mental health professional who has a medical degree and prescribes antidepressants and antipsychotic medication for his patients. After graduating from medical school, he completed a three-year residency in his field. We can guess that Harold is a __ _. a. social worker b. psychiatrist c. clinical psychologist d. psychoanalyst ANS: B REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied 13. Linda, Jayne, and Sheryl all are called ―doctors.‖ All are mental health professionals. However, Linda has a Psy.D., Jayne has an M.D., and Sheryl has a D.S.W. We can predict that ___ _. a. Sheryl is a psychiatrist b. Linda is a social worker c. Linda is a clinical psychologist d. Jayne is a clinical psychologist ANS: C REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied 14. Psychiatrists must have an M.D.; clinical psychologists must have a Ph.D. or Psy.D. Psychoanalysts must have . a. a master's (M.S.) degree b. an M.D c. only a bachelor's (B.S.) degree d. their own intensive personal analysis from an experienced analyst ANS: D REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Factual 15. Johanna is an M.D. who received intensive training in the ideas of Sigmund Freud. She also went through her own psychoanalysis as part of this training. We can guess that Johanna is a . a. psychoanalyst b. marriage and family counselor c. psychiatric social worker d. behaviorally oriented counseling psychologist ANS: A REF: The Concerns of Abnormal Psychology OBJ: 1 MSC: Applied Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 16. Isabel tells Dr. Paz that the spirits she sees of her dead grandparents are causing her a great deal of anxiety, although they have motivated her to seek her medical degree. Isabel lives in Brazil. If Dr. Paz diagnoses her as having a psychological disorder, he will likely attribute it to which criterion? a. deviance b. distress c. dangerousness d. dysfunction ANS: B REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied 17. One strength in using the deviance criterion is that it ____. a. uses an objective method of defining abnormal behavior b. stresses the attainment of realistic goals c. examines how the individual views his or her own behavior d. accounts for the complexity of behavior observed in people from different cultures ANS: A REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Conceptual 18. A psychologist defined mental retardation solely on the basis of how far from ―normal‖ an individual's IQ score is. The criterion used is . a. abnormality b. cultural relativism c. cultural universality d. deviance ANS: D REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Conceptual 19. Anita went to the mall. Suddenly she looked around and had no idea where she was, whether it was day or night, or even what day it was. Anita was experiencing ____. a. a hallucination b. a delusion c. disorientation d. psychosis ANS: C REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied 20. Suree is studying to be a clinical psychologist from an accredited program. She will learn that, with respect to bias in diagnosing clients, . a. even the most enlightened and well-intended mental health professionals may engage in race, gender, and social class bias b. psychologists are less likely than other mental health professionals to overpathologize clients on the basis of race, gender, or social class c. clinical psychologists receive better training than other mental health professionals for recognizing their tendency to hold prejudicial attitudes toward clients d. mental health professionals are more likely to hold prejudicial attitudes and biases against males than against females ANS: A REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Applied Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 21. ―You must understand the values and expectations of the society in which behavior occurs before you decide that abnormality exists.‖ This quote best reflects which view of abnormality? a. traditional b. cultural relativism c. epidemiological d. cultural universality ANS: B REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Conceptual 22. The concept of assumes that certain mental disorders exist across cultures; suggests that mental disorders may manifest differently and certain disorders may only be found in some cultures. a. cultural universality; cultural relativism b. cultural relativism; cultural universality c. cultural relativism; cultural constellation d. cultural diversity; cultural universality ANS: A REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Conceptual 23. The most fruitful approach to using multicultural criteria is to rely on . a. neither cultural universality nor cultural relativism b. the cultural relativism approach c. the cultural universality approach d. some combination of cultural relativism and cultural universality ANS: D REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Factual 24. Early psychological research, such as that by Emil Kraepelin, supported which assumption about abnormality? a. cultural relativism b. cultural universality c. statistical norms d. psychopathological ANS: B REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Factual 25. Juanita visits a mental health center. She complains that her fatigue, anxiety, and inability to sleep keep her from enjoying life. If her symptoms are considered a form of abnormal behavior, it is because she is showing ____. a. delusions and hallucinations b. dysfunction c. disorientation d. deviation from the norm ANS: B REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 26. Headache is to ____ as delusions are to ____. a. dysfunction; deviance b. discomfort; deviance c. deviance; dysfunction d. discomfort; dysfunction ANS: B REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Factual 27. Sensory misperceptions, which may include hearing voices others do not hear or seeing things other do not see, are called ____. a. dysfunctions b. disorientations c. delusions d. hallucinations ANS: D REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Factual 28. Mel has the mistaken belief that his father has stolen his identity and that his mother is trying to poison him. Mel's mistaken beliefs illustrate ____. a. delusions b. disorientation c. underachievement d. hallucinations ANS: A REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied 29. Jack carries on conversations with creatures only he can see in a language that no one else can understand. Jack says the creatures instruct him to crush insects that only Jack can see. Jack is experiencing ____. a. delusions b. discomfort c. hallucinations d. disorientation ANS: C REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied 30. During a diagnostic interview, a psychiatrist asks the client if he or she knows what day it is, what his or her name is, and where he or she is. These questions are designed to assess ____. a. disorientation b. discomfort c. subjective distress d. dysfunction ANS: A REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 31. One way to assess dysfunction is in terms of the discrepancy between ____. a. thoughts and feelings b. expectations and attitudes c. cultural norms and actual behavior d. personal potential and actual performance ANS: D REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Factual 32. Teresa, normally an energetic mother of three small children, is suddenly unable to go shopping, prepare meals, or even dress her children. Teresa's behavior illustrates the practical definition of abnormality called . a. disorientation b. discomfort c. dysfunction d. deviance ANS: C REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied 33. According to Thomas Szasz, ____. a. mental illness is a fictional creation by society used to control and change people b. the causes for most mental disorders will ultimately be found in brain pathology c. individuals who are suffering from mental illnesses have biological diseases d. medication is far superior to psychotherapy in reducing the suffering of individuals with mental disorders ANS: A REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Factual 34. A psychologist considers biological, psychological, social, and sociocultural dimensions when assessing behavior. This psychologist is using which model? a. psychogenic b. cultural universality c. multipath d. statistical deviance ANS: C REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Conceptual 35. The American Psychiatric Association has published a manual that is the most widely used classification system of psychological disorders. It is called the . a. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) b. Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) c. Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM) d. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) ANS: D REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Factual Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 36. Kunti, a Black slave who works on a Southern plantation in the 18th century, tries to escape to freedom. A psychological diagnosis at that time would likely be that Kunti ____. a. has a normal desire to be free b. suffers from drapetomania c. suffers from an anxiety disorder d. is expressing a statistical anomaly ANS: B REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Applied 37. Thomas Szasz believes that . a. unusual belief systems are not necessarily wrong b. abnormal behavior reflects an illness c. psychologists are better trained than other professionals to diagnose abnormality d. people who have problems of living are suffering from mental illness ANS: A REF: Abnormal Behavior in Context: Sociopolitical and Cultural Limitations OBJ: 3 MSC: Factual 38. Dr. Karlin specializes in working with clients whose emotional problems interfere with their ability to work effectively or to engage in meaningful relationships. She focuses on which criterion of abnormality? a. distress b. deviance c. dangerousness d. dysfunction ANS: D REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Applied 39. "A behavior pattern in an individual that is associated with distress or disability, and is not merely an expectable response to common stressors or losses" would be considered consistent with the definition of abnormal behavior of ____. a. humanistic psychologists b. the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders c. cultural relativists d. the National Institute of Mental Health ANS: B REF: Determining Abnormality OBJ: 2 MSC: Factual 40. Dr. Henry conducted an epidemiological study to assess the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia in the United States. Dr. Henry was assessing ____. a. the percentage of people in the United States who suffer from schizophrenia b. the number of people in the United States who have had schizophrenia within a certain period of time c. the total proportion of people in the United States who have ever suffered from schizophrenia d. the age of onset for people in the United States who have schizophrenia ANS: C REF: The Frequency and Burden of Mental Disorders OBJ: 4 MSC: Conceptual Test bank for Understanding Abnormal Behavior 41. A researcher who investigates the onset or occurrence of a psychological disorder over specific periods of time is studying the ____ of the disorder. a. incidence b. prevalence c. lifetime prevalence d. criteria ANS: A REF: The Frequency and Burden of Mental Disorders OBJ: 4 MSC: Factual 42. Psychiatric epidemiology_____our understanding of the factors that contribute to the occurrence of specific mental disorders. a. restricts b. does not affect c. confuses d. improves ANS: D REF: The Frequency and Burden of Mental Disorders OBJ: 4 MSC: Conceptual 43. Which statement about psychiatric disorder in the United States is accurate? a. Depression and anxiety are more common in men than in women. b. Compared to adults, a larger percentage of children have anxiety disorders. c. 25 percent of adults suffer from a diagnosable mental health disorder in a given year. d. Phobias are more common in the elderly than in the young. ANS: C REF: The Frequency and Burden of Mental Disorders OBJ: 4 MSC: Factual 44. Research shows that in the United States, adolescents are more likely than adults to have problems with___ _. a. drug abuse b. schizophrenia c. impulse control d. personality disorder ANS: A REF: The Frequency and Burden of Mental Disorders OBJ: 4 MSC: Factual 45. One finding of the Merikangas et al. (2010) epidemiological study is that ___ _. a. males and females tend to differ in the kinds of disorders they experience b. adolescents have a lower rate of mood disorders than adults c. almost 50 percent of adolescents meet criteria for at least one psychological disorder d. people living in rural areas have a much higher incidence of mental disorders than do people living in urban areas ANS: C REF: The Frequency and Burden of Mental Disorders OBJ: 4 MSC: Factua