NUR 2474 Module 06 Study Guide
Antihyperlipidemic: ◆ Lovastatin
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (LDL Lower) - Statins – inhibit ◆ Atorvastatin
the enzyme HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis in the liver ◆ Pravastatin
(most widely prescribed due to benefits) (End in Statin) ◆ Simvastatin
Effects: Side effects:
*Most effective in reducing LDL and may reduce triglycerides • Headache
*Increases HDL • Rash
• Memory loss
Education: • GI disturbances
*Most effective when taken in the evening with dinner (cholesterol • Hepatotoxicity
synthesis normally increases during the night) • Cataracts
*LDL reduction is usually seen within the first 2 weeks • New onset diabetes
*Monitor live enzymes and eye exams for cataracts • Mild muscle aches (sever – report)
*Pregnancy category X
*Mild muscle aches are common – Report if sever Cholesterol:
*Can possibly cause Rhabdomyolysis HDL- Happy-Good & High
*Has MANY drug interactions LDL-Lousy-Bad & Low
Risk for developing ASCVD is directly related to increased LDL.
Damage to arteries causes MI
Meds: Meds:
LDL Lowering Drugs – Bile Acid Sequestrant- Nonabsorbable resin that Other LDL lowering drugs – Block dietary cholesterol absorption and
binds to bile acids in the intestines to prevent absorption and excretion. inhibits reabsorption in the small intestine
Used as adjuncts to statins if aren’t effective alone
◆ Ezetimibe
◆ Colesevelam (newer)
Effects: Effects:
*Does not impair vitamins A,D,E,K *Reduce LDLs & triglycerides
*Fewer drug interactions *Slightly increases HDLs
*Approved for adjunctive therapy of hyperglycemia (type 2 – causes hypo) *Can be taken alone or combined with a statin for optimum effects
*Minimal GI symptoms
, Side effects:
◆ Cholestyramine (older) • Rhabdomyolysis
• Hepatitis, pancreatitis
Effects: • Thrombocytopenia
*Can impair absorption of vitamins A, D, E, K and other drugs
*Space at least 1 hr. prior or 4 hr. after cholestyramine
*Mix with water, juice, soup, or applesauce
*Used to treat cholecystectomies induced diarrhea **Refer to Pie chart in PPT**
Antihyperlipidemic: ◆ Lovastatin
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (LDL Lower) - Statins – inhibit ◆ Atorvastatin
the enzyme HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis in the liver ◆ Pravastatin
(most widely prescribed due to benefits) (End in Statin) ◆ Simvastatin
Effects: Side effects:
*Most effective in reducing LDL and may reduce triglycerides • Headache
*Increases HDL • Rash
• Memory loss
Education: • GI disturbances
*Most effective when taken in the evening with dinner (cholesterol • Hepatotoxicity
synthesis normally increases during the night) • Cataracts
*LDL reduction is usually seen within the first 2 weeks • New onset diabetes
*Monitor live enzymes and eye exams for cataracts • Mild muscle aches (sever – report)
*Pregnancy category X
*Mild muscle aches are common – Report if sever Cholesterol:
*Can possibly cause Rhabdomyolysis HDL- Happy-Good & High
*Has MANY drug interactions LDL-Lousy-Bad & Low
Risk for developing ASCVD is directly related to increased LDL.
Damage to arteries causes MI
Meds: Meds:
LDL Lowering Drugs – Bile Acid Sequestrant- Nonabsorbable resin that Other LDL lowering drugs – Block dietary cholesterol absorption and
binds to bile acids in the intestines to prevent absorption and excretion. inhibits reabsorption in the small intestine
Used as adjuncts to statins if aren’t effective alone
◆ Ezetimibe
◆ Colesevelam (newer)
Effects: Effects:
*Does not impair vitamins A,D,E,K *Reduce LDLs & triglycerides
*Fewer drug interactions *Slightly increases HDLs
*Approved for adjunctive therapy of hyperglycemia (type 2 – causes hypo) *Can be taken alone or combined with a statin for optimum effects
*Minimal GI symptoms
, Side effects:
◆ Cholestyramine (older) • Rhabdomyolysis
• Hepatitis, pancreatitis
Effects: • Thrombocytopenia
*Can impair absorption of vitamins A, D, E, K and other drugs
*Space at least 1 hr. prior or 4 hr. after cholestyramine
*Mix with water, juice, soup, or applesauce
*Used to treat cholecystectomies induced diarrhea **Refer to Pie chart in PPT**
