1. Question :
What is the final stage of the infectious process?
Student Colonization
Answer:
Invasion
Multiplication
Spread
Instructor From the perspective of the microorganisms that cause disease, the infectious
Explanation: process undergoes four separate stages of progression: (1) colonization, (2)
invasion, (3) multiplication, and (4) spread.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 2. Question :
Where in the respiratory tract do the majority of foreign objects
aspirated by children finally lodge?
Student Trachea
Answer:
Left lung
Bronchus
Bronchioles
Instructor Approximately 75% of aspirated foreign bodies lodge in a bronchus. The other
Explanation: options are not locations where children aspirate the majority of foreign objects.
Points Received: 0 of 2
Comments:
Question 3. Question :
What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of
the newborn?
, Student Answer: Immature immune system
Small alveoli
Surfactant deficiency
Anemia
Instructor RDS is primarily caused by surfactant deficiency and secondarily by a
Explanation: deficiency in alveolar surface area for gas exchange. None of the other options
are related to the cause of RDS.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 4. Question :
Which statement concerning benign tumors is true?
Student Answer: The resulting pain is severe.
Benign tumors are not encapsulated.
Benign tumors are fast growing.
The cells are well-differentiated.
Instructor A benign tumor is well-differentiated with its tissue appearing similar to the
Explanation: tissue from which it arose. The other options are characteristic of a malignant
tumor.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 5. Question :
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?
Student Lying on their left side
Answer:
Performing the Valsalva maneuver
, Squatting
Hyperventilating
Instructor Squatting is a spontaneous compensatory mechanism used by older children to
Explanation: alleviate hypoxic spells. Squatting and its variants increase systemic resistance
while decreasing venous return to the heart from the inferior vena cava. The
other options would not result in these changes.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 6. Question :
Which cytokines initiate the production of corticotropin-releasing
hormone (CRH)?
Student IL–1 and IL-6
Answer:
IL-2 and TNF-
IFN and IL-12
TNF-ß and IL-4
Instructor Although a number of stress factors initiate the production of CRH, of the
Explanation: options available, only high levels of IL-1 and IL-6 initiate such a response.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 7. Question :
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can occur if the mother:
Student Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative
Answer:
Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive
Has type A blood and the fetus has type O
Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B
What is the final stage of the infectious process?
Student Colonization
Answer:
Invasion
Multiplication
Spread
Instructor From the perspective of the microorganisms that cause disease, the infectious
Explanation: process undergoes four separate stages of progression: (1) colonization, (2)
invasion, (3) multiplication, and (4) spread.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 2. Question :
Where in the respiratory tract do the majority of foreign objects
aspirated by children finally lodge?
Student Trachea
Answer:
Left lung
Bronchus
Bronchioles
Instructor Approximately 75% of aspirated foreign bodies lodge in a bronchus. The other
Explanation: options are not locations where children aspirate the majority of foreign objects.
Points Received: 0 of 2
Comments:
Question 3. Question :
What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of
the newborn?
, Student Answer: Immature immune system
Small alveoli
Surfactant deficiency
Anemia
Instructor RDS is primarily caused by surfactant deficiency and secondarily by a
Explanation: deficiency in alveolar surface area for gas exchange. None of the other options
are related to the cause of RDS.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 4. Question :
Which statement concerning benign tumors is true?
Student Answer: The resulting pain is severe.
Benign tumors are not encapsulated.
Benign tumors are fast growing.
The cells are well-differentiated.
Instructor A benign tumor is well-differentiated with its tissue appearing similar to the
Explanation: tissue from which it arose. The other options are characteristic of a malignant
tumor.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 5. Question :
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?
Student Lying on their left side
Answer:
Performing the Valsalva maneuver
, Squatting
Hyperventilating
Instructor Squatting is a spontaneous compensatory mechanism used by older children to
Explanation: alleviate hypoxic spells. Squatting and its variants increase systemic resistance
while decreasing venous return to the heart from the inferior vena cava. The
other options would not result in these changes.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 6. Question :
Which cytokines initiate the production of corticotropin-releasing
hormone (CRH)?
Student IL–1 and IL-6
Answer:
IL-2 and TNF-
IFN and IL-12
TNF-ß and IL-4
Instructor Although a number of stress factors initiate the production of CRH, of the
Explanation: options available, only high levels of IL-1 and IL-6 initiate such a response.
Points Received: 2 of 2
Comments:
Question 7. Question :
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can occur if the mother:
Student Is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative
Answer:
Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive
Has type A blood and the fetus has type O
Has type AB blood and the fetus has type B
