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Résumé Fiche bac sur les transformations acide base et ph

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Fiches de révisions spécialités Physique Chimie pour préparer le Bac sur les transformations acides bases et ph avec les formules et définitions !

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Secondary school
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Lycée
Course
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Uploaded on
March 24, 2022
Number of pages
2
Written in
2021/2022
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Chapitre 1 : Transformation acide/base et pH
Définitions

Un acide : est une
espèce chimique capable de céder ( donner ) un ou
pls protons ) H?


Une base (ou espèce basique) est une espèce chimique capable )H+
de
capter un ou
pls protons
ions hydrogène À
"
hydroxydes
_



Toute solution contient des ions oxonium H30 et des ions OH .




"

pH [ Hzo ] et [ H > 0+9=10
" -
P
=
-


log
+ le
pH diminue -1
,
il
y'a d' ions HZÔ .




Couple A et réaction Acide
basique
les couples acide / base
✓ ↳
donner
peutH+ peut accepter


CH-sc.UA/CHzCOzC2HsC0OH/GHsC0O-
un un H?
Acide éthanoïque Ion éthanoate
ou "acétique" ou "acétate"


acide ion NH 4-1 / NH }
Ammoniac
propanoate Ion ammonium
propanoïque


Demi -




équations protoniques
A
CH-@Hiaq--_.E Hscoéaq) + H
"



Acide éthanol
_



ton éthanoate Proton
que
-
+
HA ,
-
A + #




Formule de Lewis
"

exemple -1> Structure électronique de N ( ⇐ F) 2s Ip
'
5s
Jp Jd
Hsf ( 2s) p
)
}
4s
4ps 4 d 4F
¥É 5s
5ps d. . .




externe S = max 2
D= max 6
Formule de Lewis de N :
'


N .

D= max 10

Couche
-
-




H -
À -
H externe =


Formule de Lewis CËNH } : l . . .
électrons de valence
H
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