Name:
Unit 12: Diseases and Infection
Accessor:
Date:
Diseases and Infection
Established ias ian iinterconnected inetwork ithat ifunctions ito ipreserve iits ihost iorganism
i from iinnumerable idisease, ias iwell ias ivarious ipathogens, ithe iimmune isystem ican ibe
i subdivided iinto itwo igroups. iThe iSpecific iImmune iResponse iand ithe iInnate iImmune
i Response. i
Compared ito ithe iSpecific iImmune iSystem iResponse, ithe iInnate iResponse iSystem
i is isaid ito ibe ithe ifirst iline iof idefence. iThis iis idue ito ithe ifact ithat iits imechanisms
i are iactivated ialmost iimmediately ior iwithin ihours iof ia ipathogen’s iinvasion iinto ithe
i organism. iFurthermore, ithe isystem iwill ipresent iitself ionce ithe iorganism iis iborn,
i as iit ihas ievolved ito iaid ithe iorganism iin iterms iof iprotection ifrom imultiples
i infectious iagents, iinclusive iof i
a. Fungi
b. Viruses
c. Bacteria
d. Parasites i
Comparatively, ithe iSpecific iImmune iResponse iwill itake imore itime ias iit iis iacquired
i and itherefore ihas ito idevelop iover ione’s ilifetime. iThe iInnate iResponse iSystem iis
i comprised iof ithree ilines iof idefence iagainst iforeign iantigens:
Chemical iBarriers
Chemical ibarriers ifunction ito ieliminate ipathogens ion ithe iexterior iof ithe ibody, iat
i its iopenings, isuch ias ithe imouth iand ion iinterior ibody ilinings. i
COMPONENTS FUNCTIONS
Lysozyme Lysozyme iis ian ienzyme iproduced iin
itears, isweat, iand isaliva ithat ibreaks
idown icell iwalls iand iacts ias ian
iantibiotic iby ikilling ibacteria.
Gastric iJuice Acids iin ithe istomach idestroy ibacteria
i and itoxins
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, COMPONENTS FUNCTIONS
Hyaluronic iacid An igelatinous isubstance, ihyaluronic
i acid islows ithe ispread iof
i microorganisms ithat ican iharm ithe
i body
Hydrochloric iAcid Eliminates ibacteria iand iviruses iin ithe
i stomach, iprotecting iyour ibody ifrom
i infection.
Physical iBarriers
Also ireferred ito ias ia iMechanical iBarriers, iPhysical iBarriers ioperate ito iblock
i pathogens ifrom ientering ithe ibody.
COMPONENTS FUNCTIONS
Cilia Cilia ilines ithe iupper irespiratory itract
i and itraps iand ipropels iinhaled idebris
i to ithe ithroat iso iit ican iexit ithe ibody
i more iquickly.
Defecation i Expels imicroorganisms ivia ibowel
i movements iand ivomit
Hair Hair iwithin ithe inose ifilters imicrobes,
i dust, iand ipollutants ifrom ithe iair ito
i prevent ithem ifrom iinvading ithe ibody.
Mucous imembranes Mucous imembranes iproduce imucus ito
i trap imicrobes iso ithey icannot ispread
i to ithe irest iof ithe ibody.
Skin Provides ia iphysical ibarrier ito iviruses,
i bacteria, iand imicrobes. iAs iit isheds,
i microbes iare iremoved.
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Unit 12: Diseases and Infection
Accessor:
Date:
Diseases and Infection
Established ias ian iinterconnected inetwork ithat ifunctions ito ipreserve iits ihost iorganism
i from iinnumerable idisease, ias iwell ias ivarious ipathogens, ithe iimmune isystem ican ibe
i subdivided iinto itwo igroups. iThe iSpecific iImmune iResponse iand ithe iInnate iImmune
i Response. i
Compared ito ithe iSpecific iImmune iSystem iResponse, ithe iInnate iResponse iSystem
i is isaid ito ibe ithe ifirst iline iof idefence. iThis iis idue ito ithe ifact ithat iits imechanisms
i are iactivated ialmost iimmediately ior iwithin ihours iof ia ipathogen’s iinvasion iinto ithe
i organism. iFurthermore, ithe isystem iwill ipresent iitself ionce ithe iorganism iis iborn,
i as iit ihas ievolved ito iaid ithe iorganism iin iterms iof iprotection ifrom imultiples
i infectious iagents, iinclusive iof i
a. Fungi
b. Viruses
c. Bacteria
d. Parasites i
Comparatively, ithe iSpecific iImmune iResponse iwill itake imore itime ias iit iis iacquired
i and itherefore ihas ito idevelop iover ione’s ilifetime. iThe iInnate iResponse iSystem iis
i comprised iof ithree ilines iof idefence iagainst iforeign iantigens:
Chemical iBarriers
Chemical ibarriers ifunction ito ieliminate ipathogens ion ithe iexterior iof ithe ibody, iat
i its iopenings, isuch ias ithe imouth iand ion iinterior ibody ilinings. i
COMPONENTS FUNCTIONS
Lysozyme Lysozyme iis ian ienzyme iproduced iin
itears, isweat, iand isaliva ithat ibreaks
idown icell iwalls iand iacts ias ian
iantibiotic iby ikilling ibacteria.
Gastric iJuice Acids iin ithe istomach idestroy ibacteria
i and itoxins
1|Page
, COMPONENTS FUNCTIONS
Hyaluronic iacid An igelatinous isubstance, ihyaluronic
i acid islows ithe ispread iof
i microorganisms ithat ican iharm ithe
i body
Hydrochloric iAcid Eliminates ibacteria iand iviruses iin ithe
i stomach, iprotecting iyour ibody ifrom
i infection.
Physical iBarriers
Also ireferred ito ias ia iMechanical iBarriers, iPhysical iBarriers ioperate ito iblock
i pathogens ifrom ientering ithe ibody.
COMPONENTS FUNCTIONS
Cilia Cilia ilines ithe iupper irespiratory itract
i and itraps iand ipropels iinhaled idebris
i to ithe ithroat iso iit ican iexit ithe ibody
i more iquickly.
Defecation i Expels imicroorganisms ivia ibowel
i movements iand ivomit
Hair Hair iwithin ithe inose ifilters imicrobes,
i dust, iand ipollutants ifrom ithe iair ito
i prevent ithem ifrom iinvading ithe ibody.
Mucous imembranes Mucous imembranes iproduce imucus ito
i trap imicrobes iso ithey icannot ispread
i to ithe irest iof ithe ibody.
Skin Provides ia iphysical ibarrier ito iviruses,
i bacteria, iand imicrobes. iAs iit isheds,
i microbes iare iremoved.
2|Page
