lOMoARcPSD|3013804
ROK - Exam 1 - ROK Exam
1
Pediatrics (Chamberlain University)
, lOMoARcPSD|3013804
NR 322-Exam 1: Review of Knowledge
Principles of Growth & Development
Growth and development follow a specific pattern:
1. Cephalocaudal: (head to tail) the process by which development proceeds from
head downward through the body towards the feet
2. Proximodistal: (near to far) the process by which development proceeds from the center
of the body outward to the extremities.
3. *Know your milestones
4. Stages & age ranges
A. Newborn---------first 28 days of life
B. Infant--------------birth-1year
C. Toddler ----------1-3 years
D. Preschool-------3-6 years
E. School-age-----6-12 years
F. Adolescent----12-19 years
Newborn (First 28 days of life)
Trust vs. Mistrust
Oral Stage
➢ Growth and Development
1. General appearance: newborn’s head is one-quarter of the body length; the
child is top heavy with short lower extremities.
2. Weight: 6 to 8 lbs. gains to 7 oz. weekly for the first 6 months
3. Height: 20 in.; grows 1 in. monthly for the first 6 months
4. Head circumference: 33 to 35 cm; head circumference is greater than chest
circumference; posterior fontanel closes in 2 to 3 months and anterior
fontanel closes by 12 to 18 months
➢ Reflexes (present at birth)
1. Moro: startle reflex elicited by loud noise or sudden change in position
(strongest during first 2 mos. but disappears after 3-4 mos.)
ROK - Exam 1 - ROK Exam
1
Pediatrics (Chamberlain University)
, lOMoARcPSD|3013804
NR 322-Exam 1: Review of Knowledge
Principles of Growth & Development
Growth and development follow a specific pattern:
1. Cephalocaudal: (head to tail) the process by which development proceeds from
head downward through the body towards the feet
2. Proximodistal: (near to far) the process by which development proceeds from the center
of the body outward to the extremities.
3. *Know your milestones
4. Stages & age ranges
A. Newborn---------first 28 days of life
B. Infant--------------birth-1year
C. Toddler ----------1-3 years
D. Preschool-------3-6 years
E. School-age-----6-12 years
F. Adolescent----12-19 years
Newborn (First 28 days of life)
Trust vs. Mistrust
Oral Stage
➢ Growth and Development
1. General appearance: newborn’s head is one-quarter of the body length; the
child is top heavy with short lower extremities.
2. Weight: 6 to 8 lbs. gains to 7 oz. weekly for the first 6 months
3. Height: 20 in.; grows 1 in. monthly for the first 6 months
4. Head circumference: 33 to 35 cm; head circumference is greater than chest
circumference; posterior fontanel closes in 2 to 3 months and anterior
fontanel closes by 12 to 18 months
➢ Reflexes (present at birth)
1. Moro: startle reflex elicited by loud noise or sudden change in position
(strongest during first 2 mos. but disappears after 3-4 mos.)
