TEST BANK FOR ASSESSMENT OF ACID-BASE BALANCE

ASSESSMENT OF ACID-BASE BALANCE RT 3025 HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION (pH)  Normal pH: 7.35 - 7.45  pH is measurement of H+ ions in the plasma.  Changes in pH of 1 unit represent a ten fold change in [H+]. pH [H+] in nanomols/ L 7.6 26 7.5 32 7.4 40 7.3 50 7.2 63 7.1 80 7.0 100 6.9 125 ACIDEMIA VS ALKALEMIA  pH > 7.45 = alkalemia.  pH < 7.35 = acidemia.  All body functions occur optimally around a pH of 7.40.  Acidosis results in depression of the CNS. Lethargic and disoriented to comatose.  Acidosis reduces cardiac contractility.  Alkalosis results in hyperexcitability of CNS and peripheral nerves.  muscle spasm. PaCO2  Normal value: 35-45 mmHg.  It is the most reliable measurement for evaluating effectiveness of ventilation.  It is a reflection of the respi