Peds Study Guide Exam 2 (GI, GU, Endocrine, Neuro, Heme/Immune)

1. Dehydration – diarrhea and vomiting (from powerpoint) a. Dehydration i. Clinical Manifestations: 1. CRT greater than 3 seconds, dry mucous membranes, absence of tears, sunken fontanels, lethargy, weight loss, rapid weak pulse (1st to respond), low BP (last to respond) ii. Urine output needs to be 1mL/kg per hour for anyone under 30kg. iii. Dehydration Criteria (% of body weight lost) 1. Mild dehydration=5% of total body weight 2. Moderate=10% of total body weight 3. Severe=15% of total body weight iv. Nursing Interventions 1. Assessment should include body weight, skin color, temp & turgor, CRT, presence of thirst sensation, fontanels in infants v. Vomiting: 1. So there is nothing really in the powerpoint or ATI specifically on vomiting….I guess just know that it can cause dehydration and to monitor I&O and F&E status. Can be associated with metabolic alkalosis. vi. TB (chapter 26)