Chapter 1
An Introduction to Culture and Psychology
1. What is the best explanation of the universal perspective in culture?
a) Survival is related to the degree that people can adapt to their environments and to the
contexts in which they live
b) Evolutionary theorists believe people have evolved a set of motives and strivings that are
ultimately related to reproductive success
c) Reproductive success and other functions such as eating and sleeping are biological
imperatives if people are to survive
d) People must have solved a host of distinct social problems in order to adapt and thus
achieve reproductive success
e) All of the above*
2. Which of the following is incorrect?
a) Human cultures uniquely have language and complex social cognition
b) Morality, a uniquely human product, is rooted in this unique human cognitive ability
c) Humans and animals have the ability to continually build upon improvements*
d) Complexity, differentiation, and institutionalization differentiate humans from animals
3. Is the following definition of human culture true?
Human culture, as a unique meaning and information system transmitted across generations,
allows the group to meet basic needs of survival, pursue happiness and well-being, and derive
meaning from life
a) True*
b) False
4. Which is a uniquely human activity?
, a) Music
b) Sports
c) Art
d) Olympics for competition
e) All of the above*
5. Non-human animals have social groups similar to humans; they do not have human cultures.
e) True*
f) False
,6. Which two of the following statements are true?
a) Society is a system of interrelationships among people*
b) Only human animals are social and have societies
c) Culture and society have the meaning and information that are associated with social
networks*
d) All human cultures assign similar or same meanings to their social groups
7. Which of the following statements explain race and culture correctly?
a) All studies show that racially defined groups have same cultures.
b) Race is more biologically essential than social constructions*
c) Racial differences in culture are used scientifically to clearly the causes of racial
discrimination
d) None of the above
8. Culture is “ ” Fill in the blank.
a) Macro
b) Micro*
c) Group
d) Social level construct
9. Which of the following two statements are true regarding Hofstede’s cultural dimensions:
a) Suggests four dimensions
b) The dimensions of individualism and collectivism show the tendency for people to look
after themselves and their immediate family only
c) Masculinity and femininity refer to the distribution of social and sexual roles between males
and females *
, d) Power distance refers to the degree to which cultures emphasize the importance of social
power*
10. Which one of the following statements is not true?
a) Schwartz has measured values in many countries using a 56-item instrument
b) The values mean desirable goals that serve as guiding principles in people’s lives
c) Seven universal values were found
d) Embeddedness, hierarchy, uncertainty avoidance, mastery, harmony etc., were measured*
11. Social axioms are general beliefs and premises about oneself, the social and physical
environment and the spiritual world
a) True*
b) False
An Introduction to Culture and Psychology
1. What is the best explanation of the universal perspective in culture?
a) Survival is related to the degree that people can adapt to their environments and to the
contexts in which they live
b) Evolutionary theorists believe people have evolved a set of motives and strivings that are
ultimately related to reproductive success
c) Reproductive success and other functions such as eating and sleeping are biological
imperatives if people are to survive
d) People must have solved a host of distinct social problems in order to adapt and thus
achieve reproductive success
e) All of the above*
2. Which of the following is incorrect?
a) Human cultures uniquely have language and complex social cognition
b) Morality, a uniquely human product, is rooted in this unique human cognitive ability
c) Humans and animals have the ability to continually build upon improvements*
d) Complexity, differentiation, and institutionalization differentiate humans from animals
3. Is the following definition of human culture true?
Human culture, as a unique meaning and information system transmitted across generations,
allows the group to meet basic needs of survival, pursue happiness and well-being, and derive
meaning from life
a) True*
b) False
4. Which is a uniquely human activity?
, a) Music
b) Sports
c) Art
d) Olympics for competition
e) All of the above*
5. Non-human animals have social groups similar to humans; they do not have human cultures.
e) True*
f) False
,6. Which two of the following statements are true?
a) Society is a system of interrelationships among people*
b) Only human animals are social and have societies
c) Culture and society have the meaning and information that are associated with social
networks*
d) All human cultures assign similar or same meanings to their social groups
7. Which of the following statements explain race and culture correctly?
a) All studies show that racially defined groups have same cultures.
b) Race is more biologically essential than social constructions*
c) Racial differences in culture are used scientifically to clearly the causes of racial
discrimination
d) None of the above
8. Culture is “ ” Fill in the blank.
a) Macro
b) Micro*
c) Group
d) Social level construct
9. Which of the following two statements are true regarding Hofstede’s cultural dimensions:
a) Suggests four dimensions
b) The dimensions of individualism and collectivism show the tendency for people to look
after themselves and their immediate family only
c) Masculinity and femininity refer to the distribution of social and sexual roles between males
and females *
, d) Power distance refers to the degree to which cultures emphasize the importance of social
power*
10. Which one of the following statements is not true?
a) Schwartz has measured values in many countries using a 56-item instrument
b) The values mean desirable goals that serve as guiding principles in people’s lives
c) Seven universal values were found
d) Embeddedness, hierarchy, uncertainty avoidance, mastery, harmony etc., were measured*
11. Social axioms are general beliefs and premises about oneself, the social and physical
environment and the spiritual world
a) True*
b) False
