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Summary

Samenvatting Thema 4: Enzymen - Biogenie

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Samenvatting Thema 4: Enzymen - Biogenie

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Enzymen
→ chemische reacties versnellen
→ ‘machine' om beter te botsen

Chemische reacties:
reagens → reactieproducten
= substraat → eindproducten

Algemeen
1 De werking
elk enzym heeft een actief centrum met een bepaalde configuratie
→ zodat de vorm van het substraat past
= sleutel slot werking
= induced fitt model

enzym - substraat
=> complex vorm: substraat en enzym in elkaar

vb. dissimilatie (disacharide)




2 Eigenschappen
2.1 substraatspecifiek
bij elk substraat hoort 1 enzym




2.2 reactie specifiek
bij eenzelfde substraatmolecule kan het reactieverloop anders zijn
→ daarom treden er verschillende enzymen op → enzymen zijn
reactiespecifiek

, 3 Naamgeving
enzymen worden genoemd naar het substraat waarop ze inwerken en/of naar
de reactie die ze beïnvloeden. Uitgang is meestal op -ase

Voorbeelden:
naam van het enzym substraat reactie

amylase amylum (zetmeel) zetmeel afbreken

lactase lactose (melksuiker) afbreken van lactose

lipase lipide vetzuren afbreken

peptidase of protease peptide (aminozuurketen) aminozuren afbreken

protease proteïne eiwitten afbreken

ligase ‘plak’enzym

→ triviale namen: … -ine
voorbeelden:
triviale naam naam enzym reactie

pancreatine amylase amylose afbreken

pepsine

trypsine

4 Bouw




= apo-enzym = co-enzym = haloenenzym

eiwit deel → kleinere andere molecule/ ion
opgebouwd uit ! niet eiwit
proteïnen

! cel maakt dit zelf in de
ribosomen

beperkte werktijd (wordt

Connected book
 image
Publisher: Unknown ISBN: 9789045524870 Edition: 1

Document information

Study
3e graad
School year
5
Summarized whole book?
No
Which chapters are summarized?
Hoofdstuk 4
Uploaded on
February 15, 2022
Number of pages
10
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Summary
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